Chapter 8 Flashcards
the media’s ability to choose which issues or topics get attention
agenda setting
the coverage area assigned to journalists for news or stories
beat
video and print news posted to the Internet or social media by citizens rather than the news media
citizen journalism
the idea that media affect a citizen’s worldview through the information presented
cultivation theory
the need for a paid subscription to access published online material
digital paywall
an FCC policy that all candidates running for office must be given the same radio and television airtime opportunities
equal-time rule
a 1949 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) policy, now defunct, that required holders of broadcast licenses to cover controversial issues in a balanced manner
fairness doctrine
the process of giving a news story a specific context or background
framing
a federal statute that requires public agencies to provide certain types of information requested by citizens
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
the idea that information is placed in a citizen’s brain and accepted
hypodermic theory
laws that limit indecent and obscene material on public airwaves
indecency regulations
printed information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization
libel
the collection of all media forms that communicate information to the general public
mass media
the idea that the media have little effect on citizens
minimal effects theory
news coverage focusing on exposing corrupt business and government practices
muckraking
period during the 1780s in which newspaper content was biased by political partisanship
party press era
the process of predisposing readers or viewers to think a particular way
priming
a government action that stops someone from doing something before they are able to do it
(e.g. forbidding someone to publish a book they plan to release)
prior restraint
biased communication intended to improve the image of people, companies, organizations
public relations
the right of a journalist to keep a source confidential
reporter’s privilege
spoken information about a person or organization that is not true and harms the reputation of the person or organization
slander
news presented in an entertaining style
soft news
laws that require government documents and proceedings to be made public
sunshine laws
sensationalized coverage of scandals and human interest stories
yellow journalism
