Chapter 8 Flashcards
Do acids donate or accept protons?
Donate
Do bases donate or accept protons?
Accept
What are the strong acids?
H2SO4, HI, HBr, HNO3, HCl, HClO4
What are the strong bases?
Groups 1 and 2 on the periodic table
How many OHs are there in a strong base from group 2 of the periodic table?
Two
How do you find pH is given H+ or OH- concentrations (or ka)?
-log(concentration/ka)
The stronger the acid or base, the stronger the _____
Ka or Kb
If you want H+ or OH- concentration (or ka), but are given pH you _____
antilog(pH)
How do you find % ionized?
concentration H+ or OH- (ka or kb)/ L x100
If salt contains conjugate base of weak acid it’s ___
slightly basic
If salt contains conjugate acid of weak base it’s ____
slightly acidic
If salt contains conjugates of strong acid or base it’s____
neutral
Adding acid to weak acid ____
Favors reactants and raises pH
Adding base to weak acid____
Favors product and lowers pH
Buffer steps for Strong with weak where strong is excess:
- Calculate moles
- Subtract most moles - least moles
- ICE Table
- -log (strong) =ph
- mol/new volume= molarity
Buffer steps for strong with weak where weak is excess:
- Calculate moles
- Subtract most moles- least moles
- ICE table
- -log(x)=pH
Buffer steps when reaction is equimolar:
- Find moles
- Subtract most moles-least moles
- ICE Table
- Find x
5.Use H-H equation: ka+ log(A-)/(HA)
What does adding halogen do to the conjugate?
Stabilizes acids, destabilizes bases
If equivalence point on a titration graph is most than 7 it’s a
Weak acid strong base
If equivalence point of a titration graph is less than 7 it’s a
Strong acid weak base
At 1/2 equivalence point on titration graph
pH=pka
Below 1/2 equivalence point on titration graph, what is there more of?
Acid
Above 1/2 equivalence point on titration graph, what is there more of?
Base
The more electronegative the atom in the acid the
Stronger it will be
The more oxygens in an acid the
Stronger it is
If you see N and H in a formula it’s probably a
Weak base
If I give you pH and a starting concentration of a weak acid, can you find the Ka of the acid?
- Ka equation
- ICE table
- Antilog(-pH) for H+ concentration
- Plug values in ice table and ka equation
- Solve
If I give you the starting concentration and Ka of a weak acid, can you find the pH of the acid?
- Ka equation
2.ICE table, initial given is HA - Solve Ka= x^2/intial-x for x
- Use -log(x) for pH
