Chapter 8 Flashcards
Hamilton’s Financial Plan
Organized plan into 5 parts
1. Increase “Credit worthiness” allowing government to take out loans
2. New national debt- in the form of interest bearing bonds- gives rich guys a new stake in the government
3. Bank of the United States- private corporation that controlled public funds, issuing currency, and loaning money to government- also made money for stockholders
4. Tax on whiskey to make some cash
5. Report on manufactures- called for tariffs on imported foreign goods and gave money for development of factories
Bank of the United States
private corporation that controlled public funds, issuing currency, and loaning money to government- also made money for stockholders
Strict constructionists
Federal government can only do things listed in constitution
The French Revolution
Americans fully supported at first
Inspired by their own revolution
Things changed when Louis XVI and other aristocrats were executed and France went to war with Britian
Impressment
British recruited American ships by force
Jay’s Treaty
Didnt stop impressment or seizing of American ships, Britian agrees to abandon western outposts- already were supposed to in 1783
Federalist Party
Supporters of Washington’s Administration, Hamilton’s economic plan, and close ties with Britian; Backed by prosperous merchants, farmers, lawyers, and established political leaders (outside the south)
Republican Party
Group led by Madison and Jefferson- more sympathetic to France; More faith in democratic self-government; Support mostly came from wealthy southern planters and ordinary farmers from all over the country
Whisky Rebellion
Backcountry Penn. farmers block collection of new tax on distilled spirits; Washington and 13,000 militiamen go to western Penn.; No resistance from “rebels”
XYZ Affair
France is attacking American ships so Adams tries to make peace; French demand bribes- Adams goes public- France and America in a “quasi-war” at sea
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Act- federal authorities can deport people deemed “dangerous”; Mostly passed to prevent Republican immigrant pamphleteers; extends naturalization from 5 to 14 years
Virginia and Kentucky Resolution
Sedition act violates freedom of speech; No other states endorsed- fear state action might endanger the union; Drafted by Jeffeson and Madison- adopted by two states
Haitian Revolution
In August of 1791 an organized slave rebellion broke out, marking the start of a twelve-year resistance to obtain human rights. The Haitian Revolution is the only successful slave revolt in history, and resulted in the establishment of Haiti, the first independent black state in the New World
Gabriel’s Rebellion
a plan by enslaved African American men to attack Richmond and destroy slavery in Virginia. Although thwarted, it remains one of the half-dozen most important insurrection plots in the history of North American slavery.
Louisiana Purchase
Jefferson bought Louisiana off of Napoleon, who needed the money for military stuff. The funny part is, Jefferson was a Constructionist, who would only listen to the Constitution, and the Constitution never mentioned buying land.
Barbary Wars
Barbary states of North Africa prey on ships trading in the Mediterranean and Atlantic; Jefferson refuses to pay tributes- starts America’s first war as a nation with the Pasha of Tripoli; Naval conflict for 3 years ended in 1804 with a decisive victory in Tripoli harbor; Conflict begins with Islamic people
Embargo
Banned all American ships from visiting foreign ports, and American exports plummet without affecting British or French
War Hawks
Want to annex Canada, take Florida from Spain, and go to war with Britian
War of 1812
Britain continues attacking our ships; Reports of britain encouraging Techumseh’s attacks; Government divided- north votes no, south and west vote for war; Madison declares war based on vote
Battle of Fort McHenry
a turning point in the War of 1812, leading both sides to reach a peace agreement later that year.
Battle of New Orleans
Andrew Jackson organized greatest victory of war in 1815 fighting off British invasion; Recruited free men of color and promised them same pay and land bounties as whites; Assault only took 30 minutes for 2,000 British and 70 americans to die- British quickly retreat; Last battle of war
Hartford Convention
secret meeting of New England Federalists that affirmed right of states to “interpose” its authority if federal government violates constitution
