chapter 8 Flashcards
The term individual differences, as discussed in the text, refers to
differences among individuals that are stable and consistent.
Someone who suffers localized brain damage may lose certain cognitive abilities while retaining functions in other cognitive domains. This supports Gardner’s contention that
people have multiple intelligences
Spencer is an architect and loves to sail for fun. According to Gardner, he is most likely strong in __________Blank intelligence.
spatial
Einstein’s brain was
15 percent above average in size in part of the parietal lobe
In one study, higher amounts of communication between parents and children during the children’s first three years of life was __________Blank correlated to higher Stanford-Binet IQ scores at age 3.
Positively
Which of the following children would benefit most from a high-quality early intervention that includes education, parenting programs, and support services for improving their intelligence scores and school achievement?
children living below the poverty line
What best explains why ethnic minorities achieve lower scores on IQ tests?
Environment
Which of the following is the best example of a culture-fair test question?
“How are a cat and a dog alike?”
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered in the development of a culture-fair test?
Family structure
Dr. Smith is conducting a research study on age differences in intelligence. He assesses the intelligence of 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-year-old participants on the same date and compares their results on an IQ test. What type of research is Dr. Smith conducting?
Cross-sectional
Dr. Anderson is interested in how attention changes with age. He gathers a sample of 5-year-olds and tests them twice a year until they are 30. What type of study is Dr. Anderson conducting?
Longitudinal
According to John Horn, the ability to reason effectively is __________Blank intelligence.
Fluid
John Horn believes that __________Blank intelligence continues to increase throughout a person’s life span, whereas __________Blank intelligence begins to decline in middle adulthood.
Crystallized; fluid
Which of the following is NOT a component of the definition of intellectual disability?
Demonstrates a consistent lack of empathy
Individuals with high intelligence or a superior talent are called
Gifted
The ability to think about something in novel and unusual ways and to come up with unique solutions to problems is called
Creativity
While traditional intelligence tests that measure IQ require __________Blank, creativity requires __________Blank.
Convergent thinking; divergent thinking
