Chapter 8

Question 1

Personality Traits

Answer 1

the tendency to consistently behave in specific ways

Question 2

Objective Personality Traits

Answer 2

tests that can be scored objectively, always using the same scoring system
(Self-reported)

Question 3

Behaviour checklists

Answer 3

lists of behaviours that are rated for frequency, intensity, or duration
(designed to provide information about the nature of an individual’s experience and the frequency or severity of the experience )

ex. psychological distress, mood states, and feared stations

Question 4

Validity Scales

Answer 4

scales designed to detect whether a person is faking good, faking bad, or responding randomly

Question 4

Projective personality tests

Answer 4

tests requiring drawings or a response to ambiguous stimuli, based on the assumption that responses reveal information about personality structure

Question 5

Malingering

Answer 5

emphasizing negative characteristics and deliberately presenting a more problematic picture

Question 6

Empirical Criterion-Keying Approach

Answer 6

a method of test construction that involves the generation and analysis of a pool of items; those that discriminate between two clearly defined groups are retained the scale

Question 7

Clinical Utility

Answer 7

the extent to which a test and the resulting data improve upon clinical decision making and treatment outcome

Does using the measure eventually make a difference in terms the services offered to a client and, eventually, the client’s functioning?

Question 8

Content approach

Answer 8

a method of test construction that involves developing items specifically designed to tap the construct being assessed

Question 9

Overpathologize

Answer 9

the tendency to exaggerate and overestimate the extent of pathology

Question 10

Code types

Answer 10

summary codes for the highest two clinical scale evaluations on the MMPI scales