Chapter 8

Question 1

A place where workers do not have to join a union

Answer 1

Open Shop

Question 2

A place where workers can only be hired if they first join a union

Answer 2

Closed Shop

Question 3

Nonmonetary reasons for working at a particular job

Answer 3

Intrinsic rewards

Question 4

When an employer closes a company’s doors to striking workers until negotiators reach a contract agreement that is satisfactory to management

Answer 4

Lockout

Question 5

Analyzing the requirements for various jobs in order to set similar wages for jobs requiring similar skill levels

Answer 5

Comparable worth

Question 6

Dependent on machines to produce goods

Answer 6

Capital intensive

Question 7

Non wage payments including paid sick days, holidays, vacation days, health and life insurance, and savings and retirement plans

Answer 7

Fringe benefits

Question 8

Includes all workers in an industry, whether they are skilled, semiskilled, or unskilled

Answer 8

Industrial Union

Question 9

An organized effort to stop purchases of a firm’s product

Answer 9

Primary boycott

Question 10

A court order

Answer 10

Injunction

Question 11

Negotiators call in a third party to listen to the arguments of both sides and suggest ways in which an agreement may be reached

Answer 11

Mediation

Question 12

The lowest hourly wage an employer legally can pay a worker for a job

Answer 12

Minimum wage

Question 13

Making up for patterns of discrimination against women, members of minority groups, and others who were traditionally, disadvantaged in the workplace

Answer 13

Affirmative action

Question 14

Founder and first president of the American Federation of Labor

Answer 14

Samuel Gompers

Question 15

Union and management representatives meet to discuss their goals and offer solutions and compromises

Answer 15

Collective bargaining

Question 16

Parading in front of a company plant while carrying signs to explain. Informs the public that a strike is in progress, may arouse support from the public, and discourages nonstrikers from entering

Answer 16

Pickets

Question 17

Treated unfairly due to race, age, religion, sexual orientation, or gender

Answer 17

Discrimination in the work place

Question 18

Includes everyone who is at least 16 years old and is working or actively looking for work

Answer 18

Labor force

Question 19

The environment of the job. Must have reasonable hours, safe conditions, and a healthy environment

Answer 19

Working conditions

Question 20

Demand for workers and other resources is derived from the consumers’ demand for the good

Answer 20

Derived Demand

Question 21

Passed by the government requiring school attendance so more workers would get an education, which caused education levels to rise

Answer 21

Mandatory-Attendance laws

Question 22

Organized millions of unskilled industrial workers and joined by other large industrial unions

Answer 22

Congress of Industrial Unions

Question 23

The holding of privileges based on the number of years a worker has been employed by a firm

Answer 23

Seniority

Question 24

The demand for goods and services can do what for the demand for specific jobs?

Answer 24

If the demand for certain goods and services goes up then the demand for specific jobs will go up. If the demand goes down, then the demand for specific jobs will go down.

Question 25

What laws were passed in the hopes the U.S. workforce would become more educated?

Answer 25

Mandatory-attendance laws were passed, which helped education levels rise throughout the 1900s.

Question 26

What law was created to even the playing field when hiring employees of different genders and races?

Answer 26

The law that was created to even the playing field when hiring employees of different genders and races was the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Question 27

Who was the first president of the American Federation of Labor?

Answer 27

The first president of the American Federation of Labor was Samuel Gompers

Question 28

Who was the President of the Congress of Industrial Organization?

Answer 28

The president of the Congress of Industrial Organization was John L. Lewis.

Question 29

What is the difference between seniority and experience?

Answer 29

Seniority is the longer you work for a company, the more you get paid. Experience is the more experience you have within that job field, the more you get paid.

Question 30

What is the proper name for the meeting of unions and owners to negotiate a contract?

Answer 30

The proper name for the meeting of unions and owners to negotiate a contract is collective bargaining.