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CHM020 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the science of obtaining processing, and communicating information about the composition and structure of matter

A

Analytical chemistry

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2
Q

It is a measurement, science consisting of a set of powerful ideas and methods that are useful in all fields of science and engineering

A

Analytical chemistry

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3
Q

It is the art and science of determining what matter is and how much of the exists

A

Analytical chemistry

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4
Q

Give at least one definition of analytical chemistry

A
  • The science of obtaining processing and communicating information about the composition and structure of matter
  • The art and science of determining what matter is and how much of it exists
  • The measurement science consisting of a set of powerful ideas and methods that are useful in all fields of science and engineering
  • Suga It requires both qualitative and quantitative information in analysis
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5
Q

What are the roles of analytical chemistry?

A

It is applied throughout industry, medicine, and all the sciences

Used in laboratories to gather quantitative information

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6
Q

If an analysis more likely reveals the identity of elements and compounds in a sample, what type of analysis is it?

A

Qualitative analysis

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7
Q

If an analysis more likely indicates the amount of each substance in a sample what analysis is it?

A

Quantitative analysis

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8
Q

What was the qualitative of a quantitative given example using the metal ions and their emission of light?

Explain the mechanics of this.

A

Quantitative -> specific wavelength that can be converted into numeric values

Qualitative -> colors that is being emitted when the particle is in certain values

  1. Ionic solids can produce different colored flames, due to the presence of metal ions in their composition
  2. When metal ions are heated it can become excited and emit light of specific wavelength
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9
Q

Explain the mechanism of iodine test for starch.

What was the quantitative analysis?
What was the qualitative analysis?

A

Quantitative -> concentration of the starch

Starch
- carbohydrate molecule found in food like bread
- its molecule is long and coiled
- iodine ends up in the coil which is why it turns from light brown to purple and appears black at high concentration

Qualitative –> color variation that depends on concentrations 1%, 0.1% and 0.01% decreasing 10 times for test tubes.

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10
Q

Describe the characteristics of starch and iodine in iodine test for starch.

A

Starch
- carbohydrate molecule found in food like bread
- its molecule is long and coiled
- iodine ends up in the coil which is why it turns from light brown to purple and appears black at high concentration

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11
Q

When does the iodine starch test becomes quantitative?

A

1.) measuring the amount of light that passes through a sample containing the starch iodine complex

2.) Interpreting and converting the amount of light in terms of starch concentration

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12
Q

It is a chemical substance that is the subject of a chemical analysis

A

Analyte

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13
Q

The result of a typical quantitative analysis are computed from two measurements which are

A

1.) the mass or the volume of sample to be analyzed
2.) Measurement of some quantity that is proportional to the amount of analyte

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14
Q

How do we classify the analytical method that has been used?

A

It is classified based on the nature of the final measurement. In example, if the final measurement involves the use of light intensity, the method might be classified as spectrophotometric method.

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15
Q

Depending on what property of the sample is measured in the second step, analytical methods are categorized accordingly. True or false?

A

True

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16
Q

What are the quantitative analytical methods?

A

Gravimetric methods
Volumetric methods
Electroanalytical methods
Spectroscopic methods

17
Q

It is a type of quantitative analytical methods that determine the mass of the analyze or a compound chemically related to it

A

Gravimetric methods

18
Q

It is used in gravimetric method when the analyte is precipitated as a solid, which is then filtered, dried and weighed

A

Precipitation

19
Q

It this use in gravimetric methods when the analyte is converted into a Volatile compound, which is then vaporize and weighed

A

Volatilization method

20
Q

It is a quality of a material which describes how readily a substance vaporizes

A

Volatility

21
Q

It is a method that determine the volume of a solution containing a known concentration of a reagent required to react completely with the analyte

A

Volumetric method

22
Q

It is a technique in quantitative analysis, specifically volumetric method where a solution of known consideration is used to determine the consideration of an unknown solution

What do we call the known solution?
And what do we call the unknown solution in this reaction?

A

Titration

Known solution -> titrant
Unknown solution -> analyte

23
Q

Identify the qualitative analytical method that has been used

A factory needs to monitor the level of pollutants in its wastewater discharge. They collect a sample and want to determine the concentration of sulfate ions present.

By adding a specific reagent, they precipitate sulfate ions as barium sulfate.

After filtration and drying, they weigh the resulting precipitate to determine the concentration of sulfate ions in the wastewater.

A

Gravimetric method

24
Q

Identify the qualitative analytical method that has been used

A student is conducting an experiment to determine the concentration of acetic acid in vinegar. They perform a titration with a standardized sodium hydroxide solution. By gradually adding the NaOH solution to the vinegar sample until the reaction is complete, they can determine the concentration of acetic acid present in the vinegar.

A

Volumetric method

25
Q

Identify the qualitative analysis method that has been used

A researcher is studying the oxidation-reduction reactions occurring in a fuel cell. They are interested in quantifying the amount of hydrogen gas produced during the reaction. By measuring the electrical current generated by the fuel cell over time, they can calculate the quantity of hydrogen gas produced, providing insight into the efficiency of the fuel cell.

A

Electronanalytical method

26
Q

Identify the qualitative analysis method that has been used

A winemaker wants to ensure the quality of their wine by monitoring the concentration of sulfites, which are commonly used as preservatives. They utilize UV-Visible spectroscopy to measure the absorbance of light by the sulfite ions in the wine sample. By correlating the absorbance with known concentrations of sulfites, they can determine the sulfite concentration in the wine.

A

Spectroscopic method

27
Q

This analytical method involves the measurement of electrical properties, such as voltage, current, resistance and quantity of electrical charge

A

Electroanalytical method

28
Q

These methods of qualitative analysis are based on the interaction between electromagnetic, radiation, and analyte atoms, or molecules, or on the production of such radiation by analytes

A

Spectroscopic methods

29
Q

Techniques, such as UV-visible, spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy belong to this category of qualitative analytical method

A

Spectroscopic method

30
Q

Techniques like potentiometry, voltammetry, coulometry fall all under the classification of qualitative analytical method

A

Electroanalytical method

31
Q

Wavelength of radio in meters

A

10^3

32
Q

Wavelength of microwave in meters

A

10^-2 meters

33
Q

State the wavelength of
radio
microwave
infrared,
visible,
ultraviolet,
x-ray
gamma ray

A

10^3
10^-2
10^-5
10^-6
10^-8
10^-10
10^-12

CHM020 (1 decks)

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