Chapter 8 Flashcards
Linkage institutions
Translates inputs from the public into outputs from the policymakers
Party competition
Battle between democrats and republicans for the controls of public offices
Political parties
Nominate candidates for office, coordinate campaigns, provide cues for voters, articulate policies, and coordinate policymaking
Party-in-the-electorate
Voters who identify with a political party
Party as an organization
Has a national office, a full-time staff, rules and bylaws, and budgets
Party in government
Consists of elected officials who call themselves member of the party, such as president and Congress
Rational choice theory
As soon as the parties and political actors have pragmatic goals that are more important to the party than ideology
Party identification
The self-proclaimed preference for one of the parties
Ticket splitting
Near an all-time high, with many people voting with one party for one office and another for the offices
Party machines
A party organization that depends a material inducement.
Patronage
In which jobs are awarded for political reasons rather than for merit or competence
Closed primaries
Only people love registered in advance for the party can vote and it’s primary
Open primaries
Allow voters to decide on election whether do you want to participate in the Democratic or Republican contest
Blanket primaries
Present voters with a list of candidates from all the parties and allow them to pick some democrats or Republicans
National convention
Each party meets every four hours to write the parties platform and nominate it’s candidates for the president and vice president
National committee
Composed of representatives from the states and territories
National chairperson
Who hires, raises the money, pays the bill, and attends to daily duties of the party
Coalitions
Are attracted to different parties largely by their performance and policies
Party eras
One dominant party
Critical elections
In which new issues appeared that divided the electorate-and party coalitions underwent realignment
Party realignment
Typically associated with a major crisis or trauma and the nations history. Civil War and the great Depression
Federalist
Party develop from his politicking and coalition building while he tried to get congressional support for policies he favored
Democratic Republicans. Also known as Jeffersonians
Which replaced the Federalists were based on the coalition derived from agrarian interests
Whigs
Whigs party was only able to win the presidency went in nominated popular military hero such as William Henry Harrison and Zachary Taylor
Republican
Party rose in the late 1850s as the antislavery party
New deal coalition
From such the first groups as union members Southerners intellectuals liberals the poor and African-Americans
Divided Government
When executed and legislative branches are controlled by different parties
Dealigned
Many political scientists believe that the recent pattern of divided government means that the party has the dealigned
Party neutrality
From dealignment
Third parties
Have controlled enough votes and one third of the last 36 presidential election to have the decisively tipped the electoral college vote
Winner – take – all system
Has meant that party that receives a plurality is declared the winner and the other parties get nothing
Proportional representation
Legislative seats are allocated according to each party percentage of the nationwide vote
Responsible party
Calls for each party to present distinct, comprehensive program
