Chapter 8

Question 1

Direct manipulation metaphor

Answer 1

Metaphor in which objects on a display are manipulated to look like physical objects or graphic symbols that represent them

**Example: ** User drags a folder icon to an image of a recycle bin or trash can to delete a collection of files

Question 2

Desktop Metaphor

Answer 2

Metaphor in which visual display is organized into distinct regions, with a large empty workspace in the middle and a collection of tool icons around the perimeter

At computer startup, a windows user sees a desktop. with icons for a clock, calander, notpad, inbox and sticky notes

Question 3

Document metaphor

Answer 3

Where data is visually represented as paper pages or forms

User fills in a form field for a product he or she owns, and the manufacturers web site finds and displays the products manual as an adobe acrobat file

Question 4

Dialog metaphor

Answer 4

Metaphor in which user and computer accomplish a task by engaging in a conversation or dialog via text, voice, or tools such as labeled buttons

User clicks a button labeled “troubleshoot” because printer isnt working. Computer prints questions on display. and the user responds by typing answers or selecting responeses from a printed list

Question 5

Affordance

Answer 5

Appearance of the object suggests its function

When you hover over a button and it shows what it is such as a pay button that reveals Play(Enter)

Question 6

Human-Interface Objects

Answer 6

• Visible with feedback
• Both visible on display and provides a response to a user action
• Good examples- radio buttons and check boxes

Question 7

Continuity

Answer 7

Consistency across releases over time

Question 8

Discoverability

Answer 8

• Help users discover “hidden” features or objects
• Active discovery- mouse hovers, pop-ups, tool tips

Question 9

Closure

Answer 9

• End of series of actions
• Protects users work
• Provide undo to reverse actions

Question 10

Data Entry

Answer 10

o Text box, list box, combo box, radio buttons, check boxes
o Include online editing to minimize errors

Question 11

Navigation and Visibility

Answer 11

• Minimize, maximize, close, scroll bars, resize

Question 11

Electronic Reports

Answer 11

• Drill down to view additional detail related to an item
• Linking reports to other reports
• View data grouped various categories

Question 12

Graphical and Multimedia Reports

Answer 12

Charting and graphing of data

Question 13

What is the Predicitve Approach to the SDLC ( Systems Developements Life Cycle)?

Answer 13

o Waterfall model
o Assumes the project can be planned in advance and that the information system can be developed according to the plan
o Requirements are well understood and/or low technical risk

Question 14

What does SDLC stand for?

Answer 14

System Developements Life Cycle

Question 15

What is the Adaptive approach to the SDLC (System Developement Life Cycle)?

Answer 15

o Iterative model
o Assumes the project must be more flexible and adapt to changing needs as the project progresses
o Requirements and needs are uncertain and/or high technical risk