Chapter 8 Flashcards
Fetal stage
week 8 to birth
Infancy
first month to 18 months
Toddler
18 months to 3 years
Preschooler
3-6 years
School age
6-12 years
Adolescence
12-18 years
Young adulthood
19-40 years
Middle adulthood
40-65 years
Later adulthood
65 years to death
Infancy
Trust vs. Mistrust
Toddler
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Preschool
Initiative vs. Guilt
School age
Industry vs Inferiority
Adolescence
Identity vs. Confusion
Young adult
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Middle adulthood
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Later adulthood
Integrity vs. Despair
Stage 1 of Grief
Denial: that it cannot be happening or that they made a mistake
Stage 2 of Grief
Anger: after reality of death hits intense anger may be experienced. This rage may be towards the illness or everyone and everything.
Stage 3 of Grief
Bargaining: they might try to bargain for more time to live
Stage 4 of Grief
Depression: profound sadness felt over the prospect of no longer being alive.
Stage 5 of Grief
Acceptance: individuals experience peace and closure. They may be more open to talking about their feelings.
Jean Piagets Theory
A theory focused on children’s intellectual development. There are 4 stages that relate to how children learn to understand the world.
Lawrence Kohlberg’s Theory
A theory focused on moral development in all ages. Humans develop progressively, philosophically, and psychologically. Each person can only move one stage at a time and cannot skip a stage. This scale is based on how one justifies actions.
Carol Gilligan’s Theory
A theory focused on moral development of women. Women must learn to address their own interests and interests of others.
Cognitive development
Refers to intellectual processes and includes thought, awareness, and the ability to rationally comprehend the world and determine meaning.
Physical development
Height, weight, and head circumference for infant and children
Motor sensory adaptation
Body mass
Psychosocial development
Social and emotional development
Social: individuals interactions and relationships
Emotions: love, hate, joy, etc
Toddler stage: Cognitive and Physical changes
Cognitive: acquire language skills and begin speaking in sentences. They can understand simple instructions and requests. Attention span is short and are wanting to become independent.
Physical: dressing and feeding themselves
Preschooler stage: Cognitive and Physical changes
Cognitive: Think everyone thinks like them, confidence becomes increased, seek new experiences, and knowledge.
Physical: Self care skills increase. More balance and can skip and jump in a coordinated manner.
School Age: Cognitive and Physical changes
Cognitive: Desire alone time, logical thinking, and ability to see from different perspectives. They reason, problem solve, learn to follow rules, and develop a sense of right and wrong.
Physical: Puberty begins and they become well coordinated.
Adolescence stage: Cognitive and Physical changes
Cognitive: Able to acquire large amounts of knowledge and use reasoning skills. May try different roles, like rebellion.
Physical: Dramatic physical changes due to puberty, fine motor skills improve, and awkwardness in gross motor skills is more evident.
