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Inorganic Chemistry > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are main Group elements?

A

S and P block elements

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2
Q

What is Group 1 name?

A

Alkali Metals→ phicogens/ prictogens

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3
Q

What is group 2 name?

A

Alkaline earths → chalcogens

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4
Q

What is group 13 name?

A

Triel elements → halogens J

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5
Q

What is group 14 name?

A

Tetrel elements → noble gases

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6
Q

Main group elements characterized by s/p electrons following________?

A

Octet rule
Metals give up electrons to achieve filled valence shell
Nonmetal accepts electrons to achieve filled valence shell

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7
Q

Insulator elements?

A

H__[n]

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8
Q

Semiconductor elements?

A

B_[n]

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9
Q

Metal element?

A

Li__[n]

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10
Q

What is the conductor “band” between the conduction band and valence band?

A

There is no band gap

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11
Q

What are the semiconductor “bands” between the conduction band and the valence band?

A

There are small band gap

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12
Q

What are insulator “band” between the conduction band and valence band?

A

There are large band gap

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13
Q

What is the highest occupied energy level of metal called?

A

Fermi level

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14
Q

Conductor are?

A

They are metals and have highest electrical with thermal conductivity at room temp

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15
Q

What are semiconductors conduct?

A

They are electricity under the influence of heat or light energy.

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16
Q

What is an insulator do not conduct?

A

They don’t conduct electricity under the influence of heat or light.

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17
Q

The elements have___ because of same valence.

A

Within a group have similar reactivities

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18
Q

What are the first row anomaly?

A

Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F

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19
Q

What is the difference result from the first row anomaly?

A

The smaller Size and higher electronegativity

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20
Q

What are the diagonal relationships from the periodic table?

A

The atomic radius increase diagonally,the electronegativity values are almost closer to each other, exhibit similar physiochemical properties such as li, mg and B, si, as, Te

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21
Q

What is the 1s electron configuration in the periodic table?

A

Alkali Metals

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22
Q

When the octet have one é is a?

A

They are halogens such as Hz like X2 and H- are x-

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23
Q

What happening when placing hydrogen with Carbon (group iv)?

A

Half-filled valence shell
Electronegativity is about the same
Covalent bond formation favored over ionic

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24
Q

What are most abundant element in the universe, found mostly in stars and space?

A

Hydrogen

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25
Q

What are the second most abundant element?

A

He → helium

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26
Q

When hydrogen gain an é what noble gas configuration it make?

A

Hydride= H-
Inorganic reducing agent are NaBH4 and LiALH4

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27
Q

When hydrogen losses one é it become?

A

H+= proton
Can form hydrogen bonds

28
Q

What are thermal cracking?

A

Is the breakdown of a large alkane into smaller, more useful alkanes
Formal:CnHn+2 →CnHn+H2

29
Q

What is the steam reforming?

A

The chemical synthesis for producing syngas, hydrogen, Carbon monoxide from hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas.

30
Q

What is coal gasification?

A

The process of producing syngas a mixture of consisting primarily of carbon monoxide (co), hydrogen(H2), Carbon dioxide (c02), methane(ch4), and water vapor → from coal and water

31
Q

What are 5 main use for hydrogen?

A

Power generation and grid balancing
Transportation
Industry
Feedstock
Residential and commercial building→gas grid/ combined heat and power

32
Q

What are Group 1a alkali metal?

A

Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
-highly reactive and low melting points
-stored in oil to prevent reaction with water and air

33
Q

What is group1a chemical properties?

A

Have the lowest ionization energy of all element
Excellent reducing agents
2 Na+ 2 H2O→2 naoh + Hz (exothermic)

34
Q

What is the reactivity of Li?

A

Li → slow

35
Q

What is the reactivity of Na?

A

Vigorous

36
Q

What is the reactivity of K?

A

Flammable

37
Q

What is the reactivity of Rb/Cs?

A

Violent

38
Q

What is the ion mobility of Cs, rb, k, Na, Li?

A

Cs+ > Rb+ > K+ > Na+ > Li+

39
Q

What are the alkali metal ion (M+) that forms Lewis acid/ Lewis base complexes?

A

They make crown ethers
Size selective for specific alkali metal cation
Such as 18 crown are K+
15 crown are Na+
12 crowns are Li+

40
Q

What is alkyl-lithium (RLi)?

A

It self-ignite in air and strong non-polar reducing agents

41
Q

What is alkalaides electron configuration?

A

They have an ns2 electron configuration, element such as be, mg, ca, sr
The element have extremely powerful reducing agents

42
Q

What is group 2a name?

A

Alkaline earths → chalcogens

43
Q

What element in group 2a are abundant?

A

Ca and mg

44
Q

What element in group 2a are less abundant?

A

Sr and Ba
Sulfates and carbonates

45
Q

What element in group 2a are even less abundant?

A

Be → used in alloy that reduces corrosion and Increase the Strength

46
Q

What element in group 2a are radioactive ?

A

Ra →Radium

47
Q

What element in group 2a that are acidic?

A

Be that likes oxygen

48
Q

What element in 2a are basic?

A

Mg, Ca, sr, ba

49
Q

What elements is in group 13 a?

A

B, Al, Ga, In, TI

50
Q

What elements are nonmetals similar to C and si?

A

Boron

51
Q

What are the cage compounds in Group 13 a?

A

Boranes → boron hydrides

52
Q

What is a borazine?

A

It a inorganic benzene =B3N3H6

53
Q

What is a diamond-like structure?

A

Boron nitride

54
Q

What types of structure that similar of graphite?

A

Hexagonal boron nitride
Stronger van der waal forces between sheets

55
Q

What structure and hardness is similar to those of diamond?

A

Cubic boron nitride
Have an sp3 hybridized
High temperature and high pressure

56
Q

What elements in group 14 element?

A

It known as Carbon Group, elements: C, si, Ge, sn, Pb

57
Q

What elements in group 14 elements are metals?

A

Sn and Pb

58
Q

What element in group 14a that semi - metal?

A

Si that is a metalloid and Ge

59
Q

What is the element in group 14a are nonmetal?

A

Carbon → known as Charcoal and diamond until 1700

60
Q

What is linkage of atoms of the same elements into longer chains, sheets, or ring structures?

A

Catenation

61
Q

What is the tendency for catenation decreases? And form multiple bonds?

A

C > Si > Ge > sn >Pb

62
Q

What elements that are semiconductors used in optics and electronics?

A

Si and Ge

63
Q

What is the element when molecules with Si-H bonds?

A

Silanes = pyrophoric

64
Q

What pair of elements that do not exhibit inert pair effects?

A

C and Si → only Stable C 4+ Si 4+

65
Q

What element exhibit the inert pair effects?

A

Ge, sn, and Pb (M2+ or M4+ are stable)

66
Q

What elements ase in group 15 A?

A

The elements are N, P, As, Sb, Bi

Inorganic Chemistry (1 decks)

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