Chapter 8 & 10.2 Flashcards
Brown V. Board
1954
9-0 decision
Segregation of schools. Plaintiffs argued that segregation deprived students of equal protection
Roe V. Wade
1973
7-2 decision
The Supreme Court ruled that a woman’s right to privacy, as protected by the Fourteenth Amendment, extended to her decision to have an abortion.
McCulloch v. Maryland
1819
9-0
Ruled with mcculloch upholding the constitutionality of the national bank and the principle of federal supremacy
Dobbs v. Jackson
2022
6-3
in favor of Mississippi, effectively ending the federal constitutional right to abortion that had been in place for nearly 50 years
Obergefell v. Hodges
2015
5-4 decision
Said that the fourteenth amendment guarantees the right for same sex marriage, and required all states to license and recognize the marriages after Marylands refusal to recognize same-sex marriage on death certificates.
US V. Nixon
1974
9-0
The Court held that a claim of Presidential privilege as to materials subpoenaed for use in a criminal trial cannot override the needs of the judicial process if that claim is based, not on the ground that military or diplomatic secrets are implicated, but merely on the ground of a generalized interest in
Korematsu v. US
1944
6-3 decision
The court upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during WWll because the actions were justified to protect national security despite the racism involved.
Loving V. Virginia
1967
9-0
Virginias law prevented interracial marriage but the court struck down that law because it violated the Fourteenth Amendment’s Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses.
Miranda V. Arizona
1996
5-4
Supreme court decided that individuals in police custody must be informed of their rights under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. Miranda confessed to crimes of rape but the confession was later deemed inadmissible because he had not known his rights before his confession
Sandra Day O conner
pioneer
first woman
appointed 1981 Ronald Reagan
Retired 2006, died December 2023
Not conservative or liberal
Dred Scot v sanford
1857
7-2
An enslaved man Dred Scott sued for his freedom in federal court, arguing that his residency in free territories with his owner made him and his family free. The court ruled against Scott and said African Americans, free or not, were not citizens and therefore could not sue the courts.
Clarence Thomas
born 6/23/48
appointed in 1981 HW Bush
conservative
2nd African American justice, replaced the first (thurgood marshall who died in 1990)
52-48 vote
nascar fan
separated himself from lower class blacks
Samuel Alito
Born April 1st 1950
Appointed 2006 George HW Bush
conservative
“strip search Sammy”
58-42
met librarian wife
kentanji brown
born 9-14-70
appointed by Biden in 2022
liberal
53-47
First African American woman
Matt daman was assigned partner at harvard
uncles crime was commuted by biden
represented enemy combats at guantamano bay
Elena Kagan
born 4/28/1960
appointed 2010 obama
liberal
63-37
first female dean of Harvard law
appointed without judicial experience
didnt like “don’t ask don’t tell”
clerked for thurgood marshal, called her shorty
Neil gosuch
8-29-67
appointed trump 2017
conservative
54-45 “nuclear” vote
Harvard with obama
millionaire
John roberts
born 1-27-55
appointed 2005 by Bush
conservative
chief justice on day 1
in favor of Obama care (voted liberal)
met wife on blind date
Brett kavanaugh
born 2-12-65
appointed trump 2018
conservative
50-48 (sexual harassment)
appeals court judge in DC
grew up in DC
catholic
Boston marathon twice
thurgood marshall
pioneer
appointed 1966 Lyndon Johnson
first African American on court
Amy coney Barret
bron 1-28-72
appointed trump 2020
conservative
52-48 100% partisan
devout catholic
Notre dame law grad (not ivy league)
oldest of 7 kids
early morning workout
Sonia sotomayor
born 6-25-54
appointed by Obama 2009
liberal
1st Hispanic American on court
father tool die worker Puerto rican
type one diabetic
68-31 vote
ended MLB strike
original jurisdiction
when the court first hears the case
appellate jurisdiction
if the case is appended to a higher court, it then moves to the court that has appellate jurisdiction
write of certiorari
an order seeking review of the lower court case
