Chapter 7.4

Question 1

meniscus

Answer 1

discs of pads of fibrous cartilage used to cushion the knee. They provide a smooth surface for movement

Question 2

ligaments

Answer 2

tough fibrous dense connective tissue,they connect bone to bone
-allow movement

Question 3

cruciate ligaments

Answer 3

• found in the knee behind the knee cap
• two ligaments forming a cross
• connect bone to bone
• they allow movement of the leg

Question 4

meniscus tear

Answer 4

involves torn cartilage due to traumatic injury

Question 5

adv. of keyhole

Answer 5

• cheaper
• less damage to tissue therefore less bleeding and pain
• more patients can be treated (social benefit)
• less anesthetic needed
• less chance of infection
• shorter recovery time

Question 6

anabolic steroids

Answer 6

related to male sex hormone testosterone

-used for building muscle mass and performance

Question 7

hormones

Answer 7

eg.erythropoietin EPO which stimulates the formation of rbc

Question 8

beta 2 agoninsts

Answer 8

dilate airways allowing more air in the lungs

Question 9

hormone agonists

Answer 9

chemicals which change or mask the action of another hormone

Question 10

diuretics

Answer 10

• excess urination
• eliminate traces of illegal drugs
• lose weight

Question 11

blood doping

Answer 11

blood trunsfussions

Question 12

gene doping

Answer 12

change of genetic makeup

Question 13

stimulants

Answer 13

caffeine,increases heart rate,makes you more alert

Question 14

narcotics

Answer 14

strong painkillers eg.heroin

Question 15

beta blockers

Answer 15

decrease heart rate ,reduce response to adrenaline,no trembling

Question 16

transcription factor

Answer 16

• protein or hormone
• that switches on
• a gene
• causing mRNA synthesis