Chapter 7.1 Biology

Question 1

What did Robert Hooke do?

Answer 1

First to name a cell a cell. (named after where the monks stayed in monasteries.)

Question 2

What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek do?

Answer 2

Saw bacteria in pond water. (first to see living cells). He called them animalcules.

Question 3

What is a cell?

Answer 3

The basic unit of life

Question 4

Cell theory:

Answer 4

1. All living things made of cells
2. Cells are basic units of structure and function in living things
3. new cells produced from existing cells

Question 5

What did Schleiden do?

Answer 5

Said all plants are made of cells

Question 6

What did Schwann do?

Answer 6

Animals made of cells

Question 7

What did Virchow do?

Answer 7

new cells made from existing cells

Question 8

Compound light microscope:

Answer 8

light passes through specimen and 2 lenses to form image

Question 9

electron microscope:

Answer 9

uses beams of electrons that are focused by magnetic fields

Question 10

transmission electron microscope:

Answer 10

an ultrathin slice is observed to look at the inside of cells

Question 11

scanning electron microscope:

Answer 11

produces a 3d image by scanning the surface of the cell.

Question 12

Light microscope benefits

Answer 12

Portable, views living things

Question 13

Light microscope drawbacks

Answer 13

low res and low magnification

Question 14

transmission electron microscope benefits:

Answer 14

high mag/ 2D high res

Question 15

transmission electron microscope drawbacks:

Answer 15

can’t view living things, needs ultrathin slice

Question 16

scanning electron microscope benefits:

Answer 16

high mag/ 3D high res

Question 17

scanning electron microscope drawbacks:

Answer 17

non living things only

Question 18

Cell membrane:

Answer 18

thin flexible barrier around cell

Question 19

cell nucleus:

Answer 19

large membrane-enclosed structure that contains DNA. (controls cell activities)

Question 20

Eukaryotes:

Answer 20

complex cell that holds DNA in nucleus

Question 21

Prokaryotes:

Answer 21

Simple cell that has no nucleus (DNA is not stored in one)

Question 22

Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes Similarities (10):

Answer 22

reproduce, homeostasis, grow and develop, needs materials and energy, DNA, evolution, responds to environment, cell membrane, cytoplasm (cytosol), and ribosomes