chapter 7 vocab

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

the basic units of life

Question 2

cell theory

Answer 2

a fundamental concept of biology

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

cells are surrounded by a thin flexible barrier

Question 4

nucleus

Answer 4

a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains genetic material in the form of DNA and controls many of the cells activities

Question 5

eukaryotes

Answer 5

cells that enclose their DNA in nuclei

Question 6

prokaryotes

Answer 6

cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei

Question 7

cytoplasm

Answer 7

the portion of the cell outside the nucleus

Question 8

organelles

Answer 8

“little organs”

Question 9

vacuoles

Answer 9

cells contain large, saclike, membrane-enclosed structures

Question 10

lysosomes

Answer 10

small organelles filled with enzymes

Question 11

cytoskeleton

Answer 11

a network of protein filaments

Question 12

centrioles

Answer 12

located near the nucleus and help organize cell division

Question 13

ribosomes

Answer 13

small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm in all cells

Question 14

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 14

an internal membrane system

Question 15

Golgi apparatus

Answer 15

a stack of flattened membranes

Question 16

chloroplasts

Answer 16

biological equivalents of solar power plants

Question 17

mitochondria

Answer 17

power plants of the cell

Question 18

cell wall

Answer 18

a strong supporting layer around the membrane

Question 19

lipid bilayer

Answer 19

gives cell membranes a flexible structure that forms a strong barrier between the cell and its surroundings

Question 20

selectively permeable

Answer 20

some substances can pass across them and others cannot