Chapter 7 Trauma

Question 1

How do you manage carotid injuries?

Answer 1

1) end to end primary repair
2) graft interposition
3) transposition
4) Pruitt - Inuhara shunt
5) elective carotid endarcterectomy

Question 2

Blunt injury to the carotid or vertebral arteries may cause the following:

Answer 2

1) dissection
2) thrombosis
3) pseudoaneurysm

Question 3

Indications for operative treatment of thoracic injuries

Answer 3

• Initial tube thoracostomy drainage of >1000 mL (penetrating injury) or >1500 mL (blunt injury)
• Ongoing tube thoracostomy drainage of >200 mL/h for 3 consecutive hours in noncoagulopathic patients
• Caked hemothorax despite placement of two chest tubes
• Great vessel injury (endovascular techniques may be used in selected patients)
• Pericardial tamponade
• Cardiac herniation
• Massive air leak from the chest tube with inadequate ventilation
• Tracheal or main stem bronchial injury diagnosed by endoscopy or imaging
• Open pneumothorax
• Esophageal perforation
• Air embolism