chapter 7 test

Question 1

valence electrons

Answer 1

electrons in the outmost energy level

Question 2

octet rule

Answer 2

atoms when forming compounds, through chemical bonds, tend to achieve the electron configuration of a novel gas and a “stable octet” by having 8e- in the outermost energy level

Question 3

atoms of metals tend to ____ electrons and form _____

Answer 3

lose; cations

Question 4

atoms of nonmetals tend to ____ and form _____

Answer 4

gain; anions

Question 5

ionic bond

Answer 5

attraction between positive and negative ions through transfer of electrons

Question 6

ionic compounds are between:

Answer 6

a nonmetal and metal

Question 7

covalent bons form between:

Answer 7

two nonmetals

Question 8

formula unit

Answer 8

lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound

Question 9

ionic compounds form ____

Answer 9

crystals

Question 10

3 properties of ionic compounds:

Answer 10

1. crystalline solid at room temp
2. high melting point
3. can conduct an electric current when melted or dissolved in water

Question 11

coordination number

Answer 11

number of oppositely charged ions that surround an ion in the crystal; specific to compound

Question 12

ionic compounds when melted/dissolved ____ conduct electricity

Answer 12

CAN

Question 13

why can ionic compounds when melted/dissolved conduct electricity?

Answer 13

because the ions move freely

Question 14

ionic compounds when solid ______ conduct electricity

Answer 14

CAN NOT

Question 15

why can’t ionic compounds when solid conduct electricity?

Answer 15

because the ions can’t move and are fixed in place

Question 16

electrolytes

Answer 16

ionic compounds dissolved in water

Question 17

when metals react together what do they form?

Answer 17

homogenous mixtures called alloys

Question 18

ionic compound

Answer 18

compound composed of cations and anions

Question 19

alloy

Answer 19

a mixture of two or more elements at least one of which is a metal

Question 20

metallic bond

Answer 20

the attraction of the free floating valance electrons for the positively charged metal ions (sea of e-)

Question 21

chemical formula

Answer 21

shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance

Question 22

in general, metals react by:

Answer 22

losing valence electrons