chapter 7: taking action Flashcards
ecological approach to perception
by interacting with our environment and moving through it, we create new percepts and gain new information
optic flow
movement of an observer creates movement of objects and the scene relative to the observer
gradient flow
speed of flow varies, fast near observer and slow farther away
focus of expansion
absence of flow at the destination (focal) point
invariant information
information remains constant regardless of what the observer is doing or how the observer is moving
front of the brain
action oriented information, planning and decision making
back of brain
sensory/memory information
what are the two main senses that work together ?
auditory and vision, auditory processing first, longer for visual
association cortices
high up in the processing hierarchy, uses sensory information to guide behavior
affordances
objects or environments are what it provides the animal, what it can be used for and how one interacts with it
what is an affordance specifically ?
action based perception
how does the EEG look when shown a tool vs non tool (affordance) ?
greater response to tools in EEG, more brain structures are engaged, associated with movement, more affordances
re-entrant modulation
changes the activation level, if it’s enhanced there are more brain areas involved
spatial updating
brain updates when moving to find its way back to a point, visual direction strategy
landmarks
objects en route that serve as cues to indicate where to go/turn next
when finding a way somewhere, decision points stimulate what part of the brain ?
parahippocampal gyrus
place cells
fires when in a specific place or location in the environment
grid cells
spatial navigation and memory, provide information about the direction of movement
experience dependent plasticity
due to more experience, brain structures are larger in grey matter and more enhanced
taxi drivers had an increase in size of what part of the brain ?
posterior hippocampus
parietal reach region (PRR)
visuomotor neurons, neurons firing to a PREDICTION of how the hand and fingers will need to grip
corollary discharge
copy of a motor command is sent to sensory areas
proprioception
the bodies ability to sense its position and movement
default mode network
facilitate motivated and goal directed behavior through mental simulation that accesses existing memories and knowledge
