Chapter 7 Quick Flashcards
Telegraphic stage
Telegraphic stage
Can be found in German, French, Italian…
English: 2-2.5 years, lasts a few months
Use of lexical catgory words only; no or few function words
ex: “Mommy ride bike” “Daddy read book”
Isolating languages have no TS
ex: Chinese
Phonological development: newborn
Is startled by a loud noise Turns head to the direction of sound Is calmed by the sound of voice Prefers mother’s voice to a stranger’s Discriminates some speech sounds
Phonological development: 1-2 months
Smile when spoken to
Phonological development: 3-7 months
Responds differently to different intonation (e.g., friendly, angry)
Phonological development: 8-12 months
Responds to name
Responds to “no”
Recognize some words
Productive ability : Newborn
Cries
Productive ability: 1-3 months
Makes cooing sounds
Laughs
Cries differently when hungry/angry/hurt
Productive ability: 4-6 months
Plays with some sounds, usually single syllables
Productive ability: 6-8 months
Babbles with duplicated sounds
Attempts to imitate some sounds
Productive ability: 8-12 months
Babbles with consonant/vowel changes
General tendencies of phonological acquisition
vowels are acquired earlier than consonants (by 3 yrs)
stops (including nasals) are acquired before other consonants
Vocabulary development at 1 year
One-word (holophrastic) stage
vocab development 1.5 years
about 50 words.
Words include:
Nouns – people, food/drink, animals, clothes, toys, vehicles, other
Adjectives/adverbs (‘properties’) – hot, more, dirty, cold
Verbs (actions) – sit, eat, sleep, see, go, walk
Socializers – yes, no, please, bye-bye
Development of MODAL and AUXILIARY VERBS
(1.5-2.5 years)
Can run
Where shall we shall go?
Did you went work?
Development of inversion
(around 3 years)
Play Bobby?
Bobby play train?
development of WhH (dspecial questions)
(soon after 3 years)
what, where > who, how why > when > which > whose
development of PRONOUNS
after 3.5
devleopment of passives
PASSIVES (production, from 3) (adequate processing from 3.5-4 up to 8-9 yrs)
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: stage 1
10-26 months Present tense or present progressive (-ing) only, 1st person subject pronoun, questions signalled by intonation and later in the form “what+X+doing/going” and no/not added to sentence structure, here/there/this/that used only with gesture.
One-word stage
(10-16/18months)
Two-word stage
(16/18 – 26/30)
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: Stage 2
27-30 months Quasi-model verbs used “wanna, hafta”, past tense copula (was, were) and some regular past tense verbs, 1st person object and possessive pronouns and later 2nd person pronouns, some question inversion and questions form “what/verb + V + O?”, auxiliaries such as can’t, don’t used in negative sentences.
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: Stage 3
31-35 months Future tense used, articles “a”, “the”, 3rd person pronouns, auxiliary form used in questions “I can’t play?”, later inversion occurs “Can’t I play?”,copula verb acquired and regular past tense “-ed” used, coordinating ans subordinating conjunctions such as “and”, “or”, “but” used correctly.
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: Stage 4
36-40 months Plurals emerge and possessive “‘s” acquired, plural pronouns, modal verbs, questions words “who, which, when how” emerge.
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: stage 5
41-46 months Irregular and regular past tense, reflexive pronouns, question tags and negative copulas used
MORPHOLOGY + SYNTAX: stage 5+
47+ months behind/in front, negative questions, negative pronouns “nothing, “nowhere”
IMITATION UTTERANCES
(age 2-3)
