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Week 3 Block Test 4 > Chapter 7 Portable Fire Extinguishers > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Portable Fire Extinguishers Flashcards

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1
Q

Extinguishing agent

A

Material used to stop the combustion process

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2
Q

Incipient

A

Those that have not spread beyond the areas of origin

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3
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of Portable Fire Extinguishers

A
  1. Portability, less time

2. Disadvantage is that its a “one-shot”

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4
Q

Class A Fire/extinguisher

A

Ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, natural vegetation
Ex. water is the most commonly used extinguishing agent.

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5
Q

Class B Fires/extinguishers

A

flammable or combustible liquids (gasoline, oil-based paints, and some plastics.

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6
Q

Class C Fires/extinguishers

A

energized electrical equipment

ex. dry chemicals, or carbon dioxide

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7
Q

Class D Fires/extinguishers

A

combustible metals, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, lithium and potassium, must be selected properly because of possible violent reactions.

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8
Q

Class K Fires/extinguisher s

A

cooking oils and fats

ex.

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9
Q

Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.

A

the organization that developed the standards, classifications, and rating system for portable fire ext.

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10
Q

Class A Ext.

A

solid “A” in green triangle 1A- 1.25 gallons of water 2A- 2.5 gallons, 4A- has the ability to put out twice as much as the 2A rated extinguishers.

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11
Q

Class B Ext.

A

solid B in red square 10-B= capable of 10 square feet 40-B= 40 square feet of coverage 2-A,10-b,C works for ABC fires.

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12
Q

Class C Ext.

A

solid C in blue circle

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13
Q

Class D Ext.

A

solid D in yellow star

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14
Q

Class K Ext.

A

pictograph pan on fire

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15
Q

Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers

A

NFPA 10

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16
Q

Fire Load

A

quantity of combustible materials present

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17
Q

Light/Low hazards locations

A 
areas where the majority of material are noncombustible or arranged so that a fire is not likely to spread. 
Ex. Limited class A and class B materials, classrooms, churches hotel rooms
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18
Q

Ordinary (or moderate) hazard locations

A

contains more class A and class B materials than do light hazard locations. Ex. retail stores parking garage, research facilities and workshops

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19
Q

Extra (high) Hazard locations

A

contain more class A combustibles and or class B flammables than do ordinary hazard locations. Ex. wood working shops, service to repair facilities for cars, planes, deep fryers

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20
Q

Methods of Fire Extinguishment

A
  1. cooling the fuel
  2. cutting off the supply of oxygen
  3. interrupting the chain of reactions
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21
Q

Types of extinguishing agents

A
  1. water
  2. dry chemicals
  3. carbon dioxide
  4. foam
  5. wet chemicals
  6. halogenated agents
  7. dry powder
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22
Q

Water

A

efficient, plentiful and inexpensive. Used for class A fires

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23
Q

Loaded-stream fire extinguishers

A

can be used to counteract freezing by combining an alkali metal salt with water.

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24
Q

Dry chemicals

A 
deliver a stream of very finely ground particles onto a fire. They interrupt chemical chain reactions and they absorb large quantities of heat 
effective class B, can be used class C (non conductive)
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25
Q

Multi purpose dry chemical fire extinguishers

A

introduced 1960’s used for A,B,C fires. Disadvantage damages electronics devices. Must be cleaned 48 hrs after exposure.

26
Q

NFPA 10 Fire extinguisher Placement

A
  1. weighing up to 40 pounds should be mounted so that the top is not more than 5 feet above the floor.
  2. weighing more than 40 pounds should be mounted so that the top is no more than 3.5 ft. above the floor.
  3. The bottom of an extinguisher should be at least 4 inches above the floor
27
Q

Five Compounds used as the primary dry chemical extinguishing

A
  1. Sodium bicarbonate (rated for class B and C only)
  2. Potassium bicarbonate (rated for Class B and C fires only)
  3. Ureas-based potassium bicarbonate (rated for class B and C fires only)
  4. Potassium chloride (rated for Class B and C fires only) is corrosive
  5. Ammonium Phosphate (rated for Class A, B, and Class C fires.
28
Q

Ammonium phosphate

A

only dry chemical extinguishing agent that is rated suitable for class A fires.

29
Q

Carbon Dioxide Extinguisher

A

stored under pressure as a colorless and odorless liquid. Interrupts combustion process by displacing oxygen levels and liquid fuels ability to vaporize

30
Q

CO2 limitation and disadvantages

A
  1. Weight- CO2 ext. are heavier than similarly rated rated ext.
  2. Range- short discharge range increasing injury
  3. Weather- does not perform well at temps below 0 degrees, or wind, or drafty conditions. dissipates
  4. Confined Spaces- dilutes the oxygen in the air, increasing the chance of suffocation
  5. Suitability- CO2 extinguishers are not suitable for fires involving pressurized fuel or cooking grease fires.
31
Q

Foam Ext.

A

discharge a water-based solution with a measured amount of foam concentrate added pressure stored. Class A standard 2.5 gallons

32
Q

Class B Foam

A

discharge a foam that floats across the surface of a burning liquid and prevents fuel from vaporizing.

33
Q

Aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) and FIlm-forming fluoroprotein (FFFP) Foam.

A
  1. both effective Class B foams and Polar Solvents most can be used for A but not C
34
Q

Polar Solvents

A

water soluble flammable liquids alcohol, acetone, esters, and ketones.

35
Q

Wet Chemical fire ext.

A

only type of ext. used on class K (cooking oils and fat) potassium acetate, potassium carbonate and potassium citrate easy clean up

36
Q

Saponification

A

wet agents convert the fatty acids in cooking oils or fats to a soap or foam, easy clean up

37
Q

Halogenated ext. agents

A

can be used on Class A,B,C produced from liquified gases dispensed at high pressure, known as Halogens
“clean agents” they leave no residue and are ideally suited for areas with computers and electronic devices. twice as effective as CO2

38
Q

Halon 1211

A

Montreal Protocol 1987 international agreement limited halon production due to effects on the Ozone

39
Q

Dry Powder

A

used for class D (combustible metals) stored fine granular or powdered form, they smother fires by turning into a solid crust depletes oxygen and heat.

40
Q

Extinguisher Components

A
  1. Cylinder
  2. Carrying Handle
  3. Locking Mecanism
  4. Pressure Indicator
  5. Trigger
  6. Nozzle or Horn
41
Q

Stored-pressure extinguishers

A

hold both ext. agent dry/wet and the expreller gas under pressure.

42
Q

Cartridge/ cylinder fire ext.

A

rely on external cartridge of pressurized gas. Which is released only when the extinguisher is to be used.

43
Q

Pump tank fire extinguishers

A

which are non pressurized manually operated usually have a manually operated pump on cylinder to create pressure

44
Q

Class A foam concentration

A

0.1% to 1 %

45
Q

Class B foam concentration

A

3% to 6%

46
Q

Wet Chemical Extinguishers

A

used to protect Class K installations 1.5- 2.5 gallons there are no numerical ratings fro these extinguishers

47
Q

Halogenated Agent Ext.

A

Halon 1211 and Halocarbons used for B,C and larger for A perform better than CO2 particularly in windy conditions

48
Q

Dry Chemical

A

sodium chloride based agents in 30lbs stored pressure or cylinder cartridge models, wheel 150- 350 capacities combustible metals

49
Q

Bulk Dry Powder Agents

A

40-50 pails and 350 pound drums used for class D combustible metals

50
Q

Six basic steps in ext. a fire with portable extinguisher

A
  1. Locate the fire ext.
  2. Select the proper classification of ext.
  3. Transport the ext to the location of the fire
  4. Activate the extinguisher to release the extinguishing agent
  5. Apply the extinguishing agent to the fire for maximum effect
  6. Ensure your personal safety by having and exit route
51
Q

Basic steps of operation PASS

A
  1. Pull the safety pin
  2. Aim the nozzle at the base of the flames
  3. Squeeze the trigger to discharge the agent
  4. Sweep the nozzle across the base of the flames
52
Q

NFPA 10 Inspection of ext.

A
  1. Ensure tamper seals are intact
  2. Determine fullness by weighing or hefting the ext.
  3. Examine all parts for signs of physical damage, corrosion or leakage.
  4. Check pressure gauge to confirm that it is in the operable range.
  5. Ensure that the extinguisher is properly identified by type and rating
53
Q

Maintenance

A
  1. Pressure gauge reading is outside the normal range
  2. inspection tag is out of date
  3. the tamper seal is broken
  4. the extinguisher does not appear to be full of ext. agent
  5. hose or nozzle obstruction
  6. there are signs of physical damage, corrosion or rust
  7. There are signs of leakage around the discharge valve or nozzle assembly
54
Q

Recharge

A

2.5 stored pressure should be recharged after every use, using water and compressed air

55
Q

Hydrostatic testing

A

every 5 - 12 years

56
Q

Types of foam expansion

A

low, medium, and high expansion

57
Q

hydrocarbons

A

float on water

58
Q

Techniques of applying

A

sweep method
bank down method
rain down method

59
Q

AFD pumpers and ladders are equipped with

A

Dry chemical 30lbs 20A 80B:C
CO2 10 B:C/ 15lbs
2.5 gallon 30lbs water 2A

60
Q

Fire Ext. control?

A

incipient fires

Week 3 Block Test 4 (4 decks)

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