Chapter 7(Light and Into to Quantum)

Question 1

What is the speed of light?

Answer 1

c= 3 x 10^8

Question 2

Light doesn’t need a _________, but most mediums do not ________it down appreciably

Answer 2

1. Medium
2. Slow

Question 3

What is wavelength

Answer 3

-Distance between two successive peaks or troughs
-Units are length units

Question 4

What is Frequency (v)

Answer 4

-Number of waves per second that pass a given point in space.
-Units are Hertz
(Hz= cycles/ sec= 1/sec=s^-1

Question 5

Light that can also be thought of as a particle is a..

Answer 5

Photon

Question 6

What is the foundation of quantum theory?

Answer 6

Very small objects that can be treated as waves.

Question 7

If light can be though of as ________, then light energy is made up ______ _______ ______?

Answer 7

1. Particles
2. Packets(quanta) of light.

Question 8

If light can be thought of particles, then……

Answer 8

1. Particles can be thought of as waves.

Question 9

Why doesn’t an electron crash into the nucleus?

Answer 9

1. Centrifugal Force, An electron is always moving.

Question 10

What does the Schrödinger Equation describe?

Answer 10

The energy of an electron is much more complicated than the energy of a photon.

Question 11

What do electrons have?

Answer 11

-They are shared in covalent bonding.
-They are transferred to make ionic bonds.
- they are the reason the periodic table is shaped the way it is.

Question 12

The shape of an atomic orbital is associated with?

Answer 12

The angular momentum quantum number(l)

Question 13

What is the description of n= Principal Quantum Number? What does it determine?

Answer 13

n= 1,2,3,4,5….infinity
1. It determines the size of orbital and the total energy of orbital. (the most general part of an electrons “address”) (city)

Question 14

What is the allowed vales of Orbital Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l)? What is the letters: s,p,d,f,g,h

Answer 14

0,1,2,3,4,5..(n-1)

Question 15

what does the Magnetic Quantum Number (ml)determine?

Answer 15

The orientation of orbital in space.

Question 16

The spin Quantum Number (m s) Does what with directions?

Answer 16

Leads to two possible directions of electron spin which is up and down.

Question 17

What does the Pauli Exclusion Principle does not allow?

Answer 17

No two electrons in same atom can have same set of all four quantum numbers (n, l ml, ms

Question 18

How many electrons does the Pauli Exclusion Principle?

Answer 18

Can only have two per orbital

Question 19

Two electrons in _______ _______ must have _______ ________

Answer 19

1. Same
2. Orbital
3. Opposite
4. Spin

Question 20

What is the Aufbau principal

Answer 20

Building-up principle (Put electrons in the lowest energy orbitals first)

Question 21

What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 21

Two electrons per orbital
* Fill following the order
suggested by the periodic
table
* Spins must be paired

Question 22

What is Hund’s rule?

Answer 22

If you have more than one orbital all at the same energy