Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMS FIRE ACADEMY > CHAPTER 7 LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT > Flashcards

CHAPTER 7 LIFE SPAN DEVELOPMENT Flashcards

1
Q

Neonate age

A

0-1 month

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

infant age

A

1 month - 1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

toddler age

A

1-3 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

preschool age

A

3-6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

school age

A

6-12 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

adolescent

A

12-18 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

early adult

A

19-40 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

middle adult

A

41- 60 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

older adult

A

61 years +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pulse rate 100-180
Respirations 30-60
systolic bp 50-70
temp 98-100°F

A

Neonate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pulse rate 100-160
Respirations 25-50
Systolic BP 70-95
Temp 96.8-99.6°F

A

infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pulse rate 90-150
Respirations 20-30
Systolic BP 80-100
Temp 96.8-99.6°F

A

toddler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pulse rate 80-140
Respirations 20-25
Systolic BP 80-100
Temp 98.6°F

A

preschool age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pulse rate 70-120
Respirations 15-20
Systolic BP 80-110
Temp 98.6°F

A

school age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pulse rate 60-100
Respirations 12-20
Systolic BP 90-110
Temp 98.6°F

A

adolescent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pulse rate 60-100
Respirations 12-20
Systolic BP 90-130
Temp 98.6°F

A

Early adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pulse rate 60-100
Respirations 12-20
Systolic BP 90-130
Temp 98.6°F

A

Middle Adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pulse rate 60-100
Respirations 12-20
Systolic BP 90-130
Temp 98.6°F

A

older adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

At what age can babies recognize familiar faces; uses eyes to track objects and people

A

2 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

At what age can babies bring objects to the mouth; smiles and frowns

A

3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

At what age can babies reach arms out to people; drools

A

4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

At what age can babies sleep throughout the night; distinguishes family members from strangers

A

5 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

At what age can babies begin to teeth; sit upright; speaks one-syllable words

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

At what age are babies scared of strangers; display mood swings

A

7 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

At what age can babies respond to “no”; can sit alone; play peek-a-boo

A

8 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

At what age can babies pull self up to stand; explores objects by placing them in his or her mouth

A

9 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

At what age can babies respond to his or her name; crawls efficiently

A

10 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

At what age can babies begin to walk without assistance; becomes frustrated by restrictions

A

11 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

At what age does a baby know his or her name; walks

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How much does a neonate weigh?

A

6-8 pounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The head accounts for much % of body weight in a neonate?

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

During the first week of a neonates life, how much body weight decreases due to fluid loss?

A

5-10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

After the 2nd week of a neonates life, how much weight do they gain per day?

A

1 ounce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A neonate _______ their weight by 4-6 months and _______ it by the end of the first year.

A

doubles; tripling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Prior to birth, fetal blood supply comes from the mother via the ________.

A

placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Hormones and pressure changes transition the neonate from __________ to ___________.

A

fetal circulation; independent circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

According to the CDC, what is the leading cause of death for a neonate and an infant?

A

congenital abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Neonates are _______ breathers.

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

infants younger than _____ month old are partially suseptible to nasal congestion.

A

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Why is airway obstruction more common in infants than older children and adults?

A

shorter/narrower airway and larger tounge in proportion to the oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Why is it important for the EMT to preserve an infants airway patency through proper position?

A

Infants have an oversized occiput, flexibility of trachea, and absent ability to reposition itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The rib cage of an infant is less rigid the ribs sit horizontally thus explaining………

A

diaphragamatic breathing (belly breathing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Forceful ventilations and overinflation increase pressure in the lungs and can result in pressure induced trauma called…….

A

barotrauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Infants struggling to breathe can tire quickly and become ________&_______.

A

overheated and dehydrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Neonates are caught offguard and startled, at which they open their arms wide, spread their fingers, and appear to be grabbing for something.

A

Moro reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Occurs when object is placed into neonates palm and it closes its hand around it

A

Palmar grasp reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Occurs when something touches the neonates cheek and it turns to the direction of the touch

A

rooting reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Breastfeeding mother strokes her baby’s lips with her nipple prompting the child to latch on.

A

sucking reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

The gaps between the cranium bones that are connected by flexible fibrous tissue. It allows the newborn child’s head to pass through the birth canal.

A

Fontanelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

When does the posterior fontanelle close?

A

3rd month

51
Q

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

A

9-18 months

52
Q

What does a depressed fontanelle represent?

A

dehydration

53
Q

What does a bulging fontanelle represent?

A

High pressure inside the cranium

54
Q

How is a neonates’ immunity supported?

A

through passive immunity strengthen by antibodies in the mother’s breastmilk.

55
Q

Teething can be painful and accompanied by…….

A

Low-grade fever

56
Q

The formation of close, personal relationships

A

Bonding

57
Q

This results when the infant understands that its parents /caregivers will respond to its needs.

A

secure attachment

58
Q

The result of recurring rejection. Infants treat their parents/caregivers as strangers.

A

anxious-avoidant attachment

59
Q

Clingy behavior and fear of unfamiliar places or people. At its peak between ages 10-18 months

A

separation anxiety

60
Q

Psychosocial development period beginning at birth-18 months. Children learn if they can trust the people around them.

A

trust versus mistrust

61
Q

Todlers lose ______ immunity and gain _____ immunity as they spend more time around other toddlers usually resulting in the exposure of viruses, viral infections (colds), gastrointestinal distress or upper respiratory symptoms.

A

Passive; Acquired

62
Q

By the end of the preschooler’s age, the brain is roughly _____% of its adult weight

A

90%

63
Q

Physiologically, by _____ to ______ months of age, toddlers possess the neuromuscular capability to control the bladder.

A

12-15

64
Q

Toddlers are psychologically prepared to control their bladder unitl _____ to ______ months of age.

A

18 - 30

65
Q

At how many months do toddlers complete their toilet training?

A

28 months

66
Q

Separation anxiety peaks between which months of age in a toddler?

A

10 - 18 months of age.

67
Q

Through milestones such as speech development & toilet training, a child attains a measure of ____________.

A

self-sufficiency

68
Q

Most children have mastered basic language skills and understanding full sentences by what age?

A

3-4 years (36 months)

69
Q

By what age does a child begin to understand the concept of cause and effect

A

18 - 24 months

70
Q

School age children gain _____ lbs & grow _____ in each year.

A

4; 2.5

71
Q

The child’s moral compass is directed by external forces such as parental discipline. Punishment or incentive.

A

preconventional reasoning

72
Q

Behavior is more motivated by the approval of peers and society.

A

Conventional reasoning

73
Q

Moral judgments are more abstract with the individual beginning to follow an internalized moral compass.

A

Postconventional reasoning

74
Q

The perception of ourselves

A

self-concept

75
Q

How we feel about ourselves and how we fit in with our peers

A

self-esteem

76
Q

During the adolescent period, teens experience a ____ to _____ year growth spurt.

A

2 - 3

77
Q

In the adolescent period, growth begins in the _______ then moves up the _______ of the extremities, and finishes with growth of the ________.

A

hands and feet; long bones; torso.

78
Q

Girls reach their growth peak at _______; boys reach it at _______.

A

16 years; 18 years

79
Q

Secondary sexual development, enlargement of external reproductive organs, pubic & axillary hair appear, and vocal sound changes in range and depth.

A

Milestone of Adolescent maturation of the endocrine and reproductive systems

80
Q

The 1st menstrual bleeding

A

menarche

81
Q

Smoking, illicit drug use, unprotected sex, and other high risk behaviors tend to pick up around what ages?

A

14 - 16 years

82
Q

Men & women reach their physical peak along with habits and routines established whether healthy and unhealthy

A

19 - 25 years

83
Q

Muscle strength decreases, aging becomes more evident, reflexes slow down, the disks between the vertebrae begin to settle leading to a heigh decrease, and metabolism decreases while fatty tissue increases leading to unwanted weight gain.

A

Latter years of Early adulthood

84
Q

This age group enjoys the one of the more stable periods of life psychologically

A

Early adults

85
Q

This age group is more suseptible to vision and hearing loss, cardiovascular health becomes a growing concern, and the incedence of cancer increase.

A

Middle adults

86
Q

Leading cause of death of all age groups younger than 44 years

A

unintenional injury

87
Q

Leading cause of death in persons between ages 44 & 64.

A

cancer

88
Q

This age groups experiences increase cholesterol levels, decreased cardiac efficiency, and diffilculties with weight control.

A

Middle adults

89
Q

What does a middle adult experience as their adult children leave their home.

A

Empty nesy syndrome

90
Q

Life expectancy in the earlt 1900s

A

47 years of age

91
Q

Life expectancy in modern times

A

78 years of age

92
Q

Maximun life expectancy

A

120 years of age

93
Q

How long an individual lives is determined by which two factors?

A

birth year & country of residence

94
Q

Condition characterized by the buildup of cholesterol and calcium along the inner walls of blood vessels, resulting of formation of plaque.

A

Atherosclerosis

95
Q

More than _____% of people older than 65 years of age have atherosclerotic disease.

A

60%

96
Q

In older adults, why are blood vessels unable to dilate and contract effectively?

A

The vascular system of older adults becomes stiff increasing diastolic blood pressure making the heart work harder in order to overcome vascular resistance.

97
Q

Where do human cells originate?

A

Bone marrow.

98
Q

With advancing age, bone marrow is replaced by what?

A

fatty tissue

99
Q

In older adults, the airway _______ in size.

A

increases

100
Q

In older adults, the surface area of the alveoli, elasticity of the lungs, and strength of the intercostal muscles & diaphragm________.

A

decreases

101
Q

By the time the older adult is 75 years old, his vital capacity has declined to about _______% of that of a yound adult.

A

50%

102
Q

The chest on an older adult becomes more rigid, yet more fragile and is therefore more suseptible to…….

A

fracture

103
Q

The cilia that line the airway dwindle and sensation within the airway declines in older adults making it diffilcult for older adults to maintain upper airway patency, therefore making older adults more suseptible to………

A

aspiration & airway obstruction

104
Q

As the smooth muscles of the lower airway weaken with age, ___________ can cause the walls of the airway to collapse inwards, producing inspiratory wheezing, lower flow rates, and air trapping in the alveoli. Because of these reductions in function and because the white blood cells of the airway are less aggressive toward invading organisms, the older patient is more susceptible to __________.

A

strong inhalation; lung infections

105
Q

In older adults, glucose metabolism ______ while insulin production ______.

A

slows; decreases

106
Q

Men often continue to produce sperm along into their……

A

80s

107
Q

In the older female patient, the size of the uterus and vagina……..

A

decreases

108
Q

The process by which intestinal contractions move food along the digestive tract.

A

Peristalsis

109
Q

In older adults, gallstones become common and changes in elasticity in the anal sphinciter can lead to……….

A

Fecal Incotinence

110
Q

Between ages of 20-90, the kidneys will decrease in size by ________% and their filtration capabilities will decline by as much as _______%.

A

20%; 50%

110
Q

_________ filters blood within the kidneys.

A

Nephrons

111
Q

The number of nephrons decline between what ages?

A

30 & 80 years

112
Q

Mental function declines in the _______ years immediately preceding death.

A

5

113
Q

By the time a person is 80 years of age, the brain has decreased in weight by as much as _______ % to ______%.

A

10%; 20%

114
Q

In older adults, the number of interconnections between neurons produce redundancies within the brain that permit the loss of neurons without the loss of ________ or _________.

A

knowledge; skill

115
Q

Consequence of reduced number of neurons.

A

alterations of sleep patterns. Older adults develop biphasic sleep pattern.

116
Q

What is the usual time frame for the biphasic sleep pattern in older adults?

A

0100-0600hrs
1200-1500hrs

117
Q

In older adults, age related shrinkage of the skull creates a void between the brain and outermost layer of the meninges. Any rapid of forceful shifting of the brain has the potential to result in tearing of the ________ veins. Subsequent bleeding into the open space may go unnoticed for a long time.

A

Bridging

118
Q

Combined with prolonged reaction time and slower reflexes, these sensory alterations contribute to the higher incidence of _______ and _______ in older adults.

A

falls; trauma

119
Q

pupils are ________ in smaller adults.

A

smaller

120
Q

Hearing loss is _______ more common than vision loss in late adulthood.

A

4 times

121
Q

A disadvantage of congregate living facilities.

A

limits social distancing therefore making elderly patients more suseptible to diseases.

122
Q

More than ______% of women in the US who are _______ years or older live below the poverty line.

A

50%; 60

123
Q

The loss of loved ones leaves the older adult without of source of social support placing them at a greater risk for……….

A

isolation & depression.

EMS FIRE ACADEMY (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions