Chapter 7 - Hearing, Language, and Lateralization Flashcards
Arcuate fasciculus
bridge like system in which the information from Wernicke’s area is transported to Broca’s area
Auditory Ossicles
malleus, incus, and stapes
Basilar membrane
the membrane in the cochlea that sits above the scala timpani which vibrates against the organ of Corti which triggers the hair cells to fire
Broca’s aphasia
a person is able to understand language but have a hard time speaking, reading, or writing.
Broca’s area
area in the posterior frontal cortex. area of language production and creating the motor movements for speech.
Classical model
model of the connection between Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area
Cochlea
vibrations make sound. made up of 3 fluid filled chambers where sound waves are converted to fluid waves
Conduction aphasia
damage to the arcuate fasciculus which causes someone to not be able to repeat words or phrases that have been heard
Displacement
using language to communicate abstract ideas that are remote in time and space
Hair cells
neurons with mechanoreceptors (receptors that mechanically open ion channels). located in the organ of Corti
Hemispheric lateralization
hemispheres having different roles
Mechanoreceptors
receptors that mechanically open ion channels
Medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)
gets information from the auditory system (cochlear nucleus to inferior colliculus to MGN)
Organ of Corti
contains hair cells and is located between the cochlear duct and the scala timpani
Oval window
located as part of the cochlea
Productivity
creating novel sentences that can still be understood by someone
Split-brain surgery
surgery where the corpus callosum is cut creating 2 separate hemispheres. in the past this was performed as a treatment for epileptic seizures.
Synesthesia
seeing colors when you hear things
Tectorial membrane
located between the organ of Corti and the cochlear duct, this is what hair cells push against therefore causing them to fire
Tonotopic
in the cochlea, lower frequencies vibrate membranes towards the apex whereas higher frequencies vibrate membranes towards the base.
Tympanic membrane
the ear drum, this is what sound hits in your ear causing it to vibrate
Visuospatial skills
being able to perceive 2 or more objects in relation to each other or yourself
Wada test
testing hemispheric lateralization, that language is in fact in your left hemisphere. this is done through anesthetizing one hemisphere of the brain
Wernicke’s aphasia
having a normal talking rhythm but words make no sense (word salad)
