Chapter 7 - Experimental Designs I: Single Factor Design Flashcards
Single-Factor Designs
An experimental design with a single independent variable.
Independent Group Designs
A between‐subjects design that uses a manipulated independent variable and has at least two groups of participants to which subjects are randomly assigned.
Matched Group Designs
A between‐subjects design that uses a manipulated independent variable and has at least two groups of participants; subjects are matched on some variable assumed to affect the outcome before being randomly assigned to the groups.
Ex Post Facto Design (NonEquivalent Groups Design)
A between‐subjects design with at least two groups of participants that uses a subject variable or that creates nonequivalent groups.
Repeated Measures Design
Another name for a within‐subjects design; participants are tested in each of the experiment’s conditions.
Inter-rater Reliability
The degree of agreement between two or more observers of the same event.
Single-Factor Multilevel Designs
An experimental design with a single independent variable and more than two levels of the independent variable.
Non-Linear Effects
An outcome that does not form a straight line when graphed; can occur only when the independent variable has more than two levels.
Systematic Variance
Variability that can be attributed to an identifiable source, either the systematic variation of the independent variable or the uncontrolled variation of a confound.
Error Variance
Nonsystematic variability in a set of scores due to random factors or individual differences.
Homogeneity of Variance
One of the conditions that should be in effect in order to perform parametric inferential tests such as a t-test or ANOVA; refers to the fact that variability among all the conditions of a study ought to be similar.
Independent T-test
An inferential statistical analysis used when comparing two samples of data in either an independent groups design or a nonequivalent groups design.
ANOVA
Short for ANalysis Of VAriance, the most common inferential statistical tool for analyzing the results of experiments when dependent variables are measured on interval or ratio scales.
ANOVA Source Table
A standardized method for displaying the results of an analysis of variance; includes sources of variance, sums of squares, degrees of freedom, mean squares (variance), F ratios, and probability values.
Placebo
In medicine, an inert substance said to have medicinal effect (from Latin meaning “I shall please”); in research, a condition in which subjects believe a treatment is in effect, but it is not.
