Chapter 7 cells Flashcards
what is a cell
smallest unit of organization in the body can form functions without the aid of other cells.
What is tissue
cells with similar characteristics of form and function group together to form a tissue.
exocytosis
an active transport of material from a vesicle within the cell out into the extracellular environment occurs when there is fusion of a vesicle membrane.
endocytosis
The uptake of materials from the extracellular environment.
why do cells reproduce
cells in tissue undergo division to reproduce and replace the dead tissue cells. As a result two identical daughter cells are formed.
how cells interact with the
extracellular environment
exocytosis and endocytosis
( active transport)
phagocytosis
The engulfing and digesting of solid waste and foreign material through enzymatic breakdown.
Organelles
metabolically active specialized structures that allow each cell to function according to its genetic code.
ribosomes
produced in the nucleolus from rRNA and protein molecules and are assembled in the cytoplasm
lysosomes
produced by golgi complex they digest waste and foreign material in and around the cell.
golgi complex
takes in modified proteins from the ER for subsequent segregation,
packaging, and
transport of protein compounds
The Golgi complex was first described in 1898 by an Italian anatomist named Camillo
Golgi.
vacuoles
spaces and cavities within a cell
endoplasmic reticulum
modifies proteins for the cell
can be either smooth or rough based on the absences (smooth) or presence of ribbosomes (rough)giving them both a different outer texture and differnt functions.
mitochondria
-Most numerous in the cell
-considered the power station
-they are a major source for adosine triphosphate (ATP)
-site of many metabolic reactions
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
centrosome
contains 2 cylinder centrioles.
always near the nucleus
forms mitotic spindles
