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Anatomy > Chapter 7: Cell Growth And Development > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Cell Growth And Development Flashcards

1
Q

Protein synthesis:

A
  1. Is required for cell growth
  2. Begins with reading of the genetic “master code” in the cells DNA.
  3. Influences all cell structures and functions.
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2
Q

In the DNA molecule, a sequence of three base pairs form a?

A

Codon

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3
Q

Transcription can best be described as the?

A

Entire set of DNA

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4
Q

T or F: Uracil is present in DNA in the place of thymine

A

True

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5
Q

A DNA molecule is characterized by all of the following except?

A

Ribose sugar

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6
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of RNA

A

It’s molecules are larger than those of DNA

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7
Q

Nucleic acids are synthesized directly on the DNA molecule with the help of?

A

Enzymes

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8
Q

Process that occurs when the double strands of a DNA segment separate and RNA nucleotides pair with DNA nucleotides.

A

Transcription

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9
Q

The type of RNA that carries information in groups of three nucleotides called codons, each of which codes for a specific amino acid.

A

mRNA

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10
Q

The type of RNA that has a anticodon and binds to a base pair-specific amino acid

A

tRNA

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11
Q

The process involving the movement of mRNA with respect to the ribosome.

A

Translation

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12
Q

Uracil-adenine

A

Complementary base pair

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13
Q

The site of translation

A

Ribosome

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14
Q

The correct order of mitosis is?

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

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15
Q

The total of 46 chromosomes per cell is referred to as?

A

Diploid

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16
Q

A type of cell division that occurs only in primitive sex cells during the process of becoming mature sex cells is?

A

Meiosis

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17
Q

Splitting of the plasma membrane and cytoplasm into two during cell reproduction is called?

A

Cytokinesis

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18
Q

Cell reproduction is sometimes referred to as the?

A

M phase

19
Q

The phase of mitosis known as the completion phase is?

A

Telophase

20
Q

The phase of mitosis known as the apart phase is?

A

Anaphase

21
Q

The position-changing phase of mitosis is?

A

Metaphase

22
Q

When a cell is not experiencing mitosis and is “between phase” it is said to be in?

A

Interphase

23
Q

When a cell begins to divide, it is said to be in the before phase, or?

A

Prophase

24
Q

T or F: atrophy refers to a decreased in cell size?

A

True

25
Q

T or F: Genetic disorders are mutations on a cells genetic code?

A

True

26
Q

T or F: Cell death due to injury or a pathologic condition is known as necrosis?

A

True

27
Q

T or F: Viruses do not contain DNA or RNA?

A

False

28
Q

T of F: a blood disease caused by the production of abnormal hemoglobin is known as sickle cell anemia?

A

True

29
Q

The genetic code for a particular protein is passed from DNA to mRNA by a process known as?

A

Transcription

30
Q

If a strand of DNA has a base sequence of AGGC, the complementary pair for the strand will be?

A

TCCG

31
Q

The spindle fibers attach to each chromatid during which stage of mitosis?

A

Metaphase

32
Q

Which of the following is not true of RNA?

A

It contains deoxyribose sugar.

33
Q

During which stage of mitosis does the cleavage furrow begin to devolve?

A

Anaphase

34
Q

All of the DNA in each cell of the body is called the?

A

Genome

35
Q

If the sequence of bases in a nucleic acid were AUCGA, which of the following statement would be true?

A

It is a strand of RNA

36
Q

In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cells along the spindle fibers?

A

Anaphase

37
Q

The synthesis of proteins by ribosomes using information coded in the mRNA molecule is called?

A

Translation

38
Q

Translation can be inhibited or prevented by a process called?

A

RNA interference

39
Q

The DNA molecular structure allows only two combinations of bases to occur. This is known as?

A

Obligatory

40
Q

The complete set of proteins synthesized by a cell is called the “blank” of the cell?

A

Proteome

41
Q

The shape of a DNA molecule is referred to as a?

A

Double helix

42
Q

What is the type of cell division that occurs only in primitive sex cells during the process of becoming mature sex cells?

A

Meiosis

43
Q

Mature sex cells are called?

A

Gametes

Anatomy (4 decks)

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