chapter 7 ABG

Question 1

ph and paco2 move opposite direction

Answer 1

respiratory problem

Question 2

ph and paco2 move same direction

Answer 2

metabolic problem

Question 3

bicarbonate less than or equal -6

Answer 3

hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and/or execration of bicarbonate compensating for respiratory alkalosis

Question 4

bicarbonate greater or equal to 6

Answer 4

metabolic alkalosis and/or bicarbonate retention compensating for respiratory acidosis

Question 5

elevated anion gap

Answer 5

metabolic acidosis: lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, poisoning

Question 6

base excess

Answer 6

be= normal(buffer base) - calculated (buffer base)

Question 7

bicarbonate gap

Answer 7

na-chl-39

Question 8

acute ph down .07 respiratory acidosis

Answer 8

hco3 up 1

Question 9

ph down by .03 respiratory acidosis

Answer 9

hco up by 3-4 in chronic situation

Question 10

in acute respiratory alkalosis ph up 0.08

Answer 10

hco3 down by 2mEq/L

Question 11

in chronic respiratory alkolosis ph up by 0.03

Answer 11

hco3 down by 5 mEq/L

Question 12

an 0.1 unit decrease in ph from 7.40 to 7.30 respresent?

Answer 12

a 25% increase in hydrogen molecules

Question 13

elevated hco3 or serum co2

Answer 13

a. metabolic alkolosis and/or

b. bicorbonate retention as compensation for respiratory acidosis

Question 14

reduce hco3 or serum co2

Answer 14

a. metabolic acidosis and/or

b. bicorbonate excertion as compensation for respiratory alkolosis

Question 15

if you find serum co2 below 12 then it is most likely

Answer 15

metabolic acidosis

Question 16

if you find serum co2 above 45 almost assuredly indicates

Answer 16

metabolic alkolosis

Question 17

elevated anion gap

Answer 17

metabolic acidosis

Question 18

lower anion gap

Answer 18

hypoproteinemia
reduction of unmeasure anion
presence of abnormal positively charged protien as may be seen in multiple myeloma