Chapter 7 - A&P and Medical Terminology Flashcards
Anatomy
refers to the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other (how the body is made)
Physiology
refers to the function of the living body and its parts (how the body works)
Anatomical Position
The patient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the sides and palms forward
Supine
the patient is lying face up on his back
Prone
the patient is lying face down on his stomach
Lateral recumbent position (Recovery Position)
the patient is lying on his left or right side
Fowler’s Position
the patient is lying on his back with his upper body elevated at a 45 to 60 deg angle
Semi-Fowler’s Position
the patient is lying on his back with the upper body elevated at an angle less than 45 deg
Shock Position
alternative to the Trendelenburg Position - where only the feet and legs are elevated approximately 12 inches
Trendelenburg Position
the patient is lying on his back with the legs elevated higher than the head and body on an inclined plane (head down, legs up)
Anatomical Planes
imaginary divisions of the body used to reference points on the body
Sagittal Plane (Medial Plane)
a vertical plane that runs lengthwise and divides the body into right and left segments. the segments don’t have to be equal. If the plane divides the body into two equal halves, it is referred to as the MIDSAGITTAL PLANE
Frontal plane (Coronal Plane)
the frontal or coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves
Transverse Plane (Horizontal Plane)
the transverse or horizontal plane is parallel with the ground and divides the body into upper and lower halves. Also known as AXIAL PLANE.
Midline
the patient is in anatomical position facing you - image a line drawn vertically through the middle of the patient’s body from the head and continuing down through the nose, navel and to the ground between the legs. It corresponds with the MIDSAGITTAL PLANE because it divides the body into equal halves.
Midaxillary Line
the patient is in anatomical position facing you - imagine an imaginary line vertically from the middle of the patient’s armpit down to the ankle.
Transverse Line
the patient is in anatomical position facing you - imagine an imaginary line drawn horizontally through the patient’s waist.
Anterior
toward the front
Posterior
towards the back
Superior
towards the head or above the point of reference
Inferior
towards the feet or below the point of reference
Dorsal
towards the back or backbone
Ventral
towards the front or belly
Medial
towards the midline or center of the body
