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Prehospital Emergency Care (EMT) > Chapter 7 - A&P and Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - A&P and Medical Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

Anatomy

A

refers to the structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other (how the body is made)

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2
Q

Physiology

A

refers to the function of the living body and its parts (how the body works)

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3
Q

Anatomical Position

A

The patient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the sides and palms forward

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4
Q

Supine

A

the patient is lying face up on his back

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5
Q

Prone

A

the patient is lying face down on his stomach

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6
Q

Lateral recumbent position (Recovery Position)

A

the patient is lying on his left or right side

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7
Q

Fowler’s Position

A

the patient is lying on his back with his upper body elevated at a 45 to 60 deg angle

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8
Q

Semi-Fowler’s Position

A

the patient is lying on his back with the upper body elevated at an angle less than 45 deg

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9
Q

Shock Position

A

alternative to the Trendelenburg Position - where only the feet and legs are elevated approximately 12 inches

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10
Q

Trendelenburg Position

A

the patient is lying on his back with the legs elevated higher than the head and body on an inclined plane (head down, legs up)

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11
Q

Anatomical Planes

A

imaginary divisions of the body used to reference points on the body

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12
Q

Sagittal Plane (Medial Plane)

A

a vertical plane that runs lengthwise and divides the body into right and left segments. the segments don’t have to be equal. If the plane divides the body into two equal halves, it is referred to as the MIDSAGITTAL PLANE

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13
Q

Frontal plane (Coronal Plane)

A

the frontal or coronal plane divides the body into front and back halves

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14
Q

Transverse Plane (Horizontal Plane)

A

the transverse or horizontal plane is parallel with the ground and divides the body into upper and lower halves. Also known as AXIAL PLANE.

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15
Q

Midline

A

the patient is in anatomical position facing you - image a line drawn vertically through the middle of the patient’s body from the head and continuing down through the nose, navel and to the ground between the legs. It corresponds with the MIDSAGITTAL PLANE because it divides the body into equal halves.

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16
Q

Midaxillary Line

A

the patient is in anatomical position facing you - imagine an imaginary line vertically from the middle of the patient’s armpit down to the ankle.

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17
Q

Transverse Line

A

the patient is in anatomical position facing you - imagine an imaginary line drawn horizontally through the patient’s waist.

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18
Q

Anterior

A

toward the front

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19
Q

Posterior

A

towards the back

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20
Q

Superior

A

towards the head or above the point of reference

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21
Q

Inferior

A

towards the feet or below the point of reference

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22
Q

Dorsal

A

towards the back or backbone

23
Q

Ventral

A

towards the front or belly

24
Q

Medial

A

towards the midline or center of the body

25
Q

Lateral

A

refers to the left or right of the midline OR away from the midlineof the body: Note: it refers to both left and right sides.

26
Q

Unilateral

A

means one side

27
Q

Ipsilateral

A

refers to the same side

28
Q

Contralateral

A

refers to the opposite side

29
Q

Proximal

A

near the point of reference

30
Q

Distal

A

is distant, or far from the point of reference

31
Q

Right

A

always the patient’s right

32
Q

Left

A

always the patient’s left

33
Q

Midclavicular

A

refers to the center of each of the collarbones

34
Q

Midaxillary

A

refers to the center of the armpit (Aximlla)

35
Q

Plantar

A

refers to the sole of the foot

36
Q

Palmar

A

refers to the palm of the hand

37
Q

Abdominal Quadrants

A

four parts - right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant

38
Q

Ligaments

A

connect bone to bone

39
Q

Tendons

A

connect muscles to bones

40
Q

Skeletal System

A

has six basic components: skill, spinal column, thorax, pelvis and upper and lower extremities.

41
Q

Orbits

A

the eye sockets

42
Q

Nasal Bones

A

the bed of the nose

43
Q

Maxillae

A

fused bones of the upper jaw

44
Q

Mandible

A

lower jaw

45
Q

Zygomatic Bones

A

cheekbones

46
Q

Vertebrae

A

irregularly shaped blocks of bones in the spinal column

47
Q

Cervical Spine

A

C1 - C7 or neck

48
Q

Thoracic Spine

A

T1 - T12 or upper back

49
Q

Lumbar Spine

A

L1 - L5 or lower back

50
Q

Sacral Spine

A

S1 - S5 or back wall of pelvis

51
Q

Coccyx

A

tailbone

52
Q

Thorax (Chest)

A

composed of ribs, sternum, and the thoracic spine

53
Q

Sternum

A

breastbone

Prehospital Emergency Care (EMT) (1 decks)

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