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SLP477- Disorders of Swallowing > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Should SLPs follow the principles of evidence-based practice in making clinical decisions?
A

Yes, they should.

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2
Q
  1. Is nonsurgical dysphagia management a team effort lead by the SLP?
A

Yes, it is

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3
Q
  1. Is it ethical to withhold (otherwise available) treatment program to patients for the sake of collecting scientific evidence?
    No, it is unethical to withhold treatment; everyone deserves treatment
A

No, it is unethical to withhold treatment; everyone deserves treatment

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4
Q
  1. Are poor oral hygiene and dysphagia risk factors for aspiration pneumonia in the eldery?
A

Yes, they are

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5
Q
  1. Does compensatory therapy aim to improve the long-term physiology or swallowing?
A

No, compensatory therapy aims to ensure safe swallowing

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6
Q
  1. Is compensatory therapy only effective for the oral preparatory and oral phases of swallowing?
A

No, postural changes can also change pharyngeal phase

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7
Q
  1. Is the supraglottic swallow maneuver an effective technique for achieving vocal fold closure for a swallow?
A

Yes, it is

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8
Q
  1. Are nonsurgical treatments for swallowing disorders for patients with strokes and neurological disorders exclusively?
A

No, treatment can be for any clinical population

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9
Q
  1. Will a head-tilt strategy during swallow to the stronger side of the pharynx direct a bolus down the weak side?
A

No, a head tilt to the strong side will direct the bolus to the strong side

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10
Q
  1. Should implementing a swallow postural technique to dysphagic patients be done after an instrumental swallow assessment is conducted to confirm its effectiveness?
A

Yes, it should.

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11
Q
  1. Has bolus modification been shown to be a more effective method of preventing penetration and aspiration compared to the chin-tuck posture in the elderly?
A

Yes, it has

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12
Q
  1. Do all individuals who aspirate with liquids or solids develop aspiration pneumonia?
A

No, not all those who aspirate will develop aspiration pneumonia, other factors (such as amount aspirated and oral hygiene) can also contribute

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13
Q
  1. Has swallowing cold water compared to body temperature water been shown to increase the overall speed of swallowing?
A

Yes, it has

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14
Q
  1. Can oral motor exercises be used to increase endurance of lip seal?
A

Yes, they can

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15
Q
  1. TRUE OR FALSE: Currently, there is no evidence to support the use of lingual exercises for patients with swallowing disorders.
A

False, studies have found they can be effective

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16
Q
  1. Is LSVT useful for both swallowing and speech improvement in patients who have Parkinson’s Disease and other neurological disorders?
A

Yes, it is useful

17
Q
  1. Is occasional aspiration to be expected in patients undergoing rehabilitative swallowing therapy?
A

Yes, it is to be expected

18
Q
  1. How will practicing timing movements with placing an empty cup to the lips and removing it improve labial function in swallowing?
A

It will encourage lip opening

19
Q
  1. How will the Shaker exercise improve swallowing? (2 things)
A
  • increase the opening of the UES

- decrease the hypopharyngeal bolus pressure

20
Q
  1. Should we allow a specified time to pass in post-cancer patients with head and neck cancer?
A

No, treatment should be preventative and concurrent to medical therapy, and should begin before surgical or radiation therapy is carried out.

21
Q
  1. Occupational therapists’ role in dysphagia management involves: (3 things)
A
  • assessment and management of oral care
  • assessment of nutrition
  • decision making on swallowing management
22
Q
  1. Changes in treatment may be affected by: (4 things)
A
  • treatment technique
  • passage of time
  • strength of the patient
  • types of food eaten
23
Q
  1. Compensatory swallowing therapy involves: (3 things)
A
  • changing the size of the bolus to be swallowed
  • stimulating lips/tongue
  • modifying posture to improve airway closure
24
Q
  1. Compensatory swallowing is limited by…
A

Willingness to follow the recommendations

25
Q
  1. Swallowing postures are used because they have been shown to: (3 things)
A
  • reduce penetration/aspiration
  • improve bolus transit time during the oral and pharyngeal phases
  • reduce residue post swallow
26
Q
  1. Thermal tactile oral stimulation is an exercise to stimulate…
A

-oral awareness to the brainstem

27
Q
  1. The primary outcome from studies using the Shaker exercise is…
A

-decrease in the hypopharyngeal intrabolus pressure

28
Q
  1. When should therapy begin for clients diagnosed with head and neck cancer?
A

-as soon as the diagnosis is made

29
Q
  1. EMST can be suggested for: (3 things)
A
  • patients with degenerative neurological disorders
  • elderly individuals with sarcopenia
  • children with neuromuscular disorders
30
Q
  1. What are the 4 general steps of EBP, in order?
A

1- generate clinical questions
2- search for relevant scientific evidence
3- review and evaluate the evidence
4- integrate clinical view, client’s perspective, and reviewed evidence

31
Q
  1. Which two steps should SLPs take to ensure their recommended treatment methods are effective for the patients?
A

1- obtain a baseline set for patient performance

2- document change across the treatment process

32
Q
  1. What are the four prerequisites for a patient to undergo compensatory swallowing therapy?
A

1- adequate memory and attention
2- caregivers available to assist
3- no severe cognitive impairments
4- motivated to change and follow recommendations

33
Q
  1. How does the super-supraglottic swallow differ from the supraglottic swallow maneuver?
A

In the super-supraglottic swallow, they add an instruction to bear down after holding the breath

34
Q
  1. How does the Mendelsohn maneuver reduce residue during swallowing?
A

The Mendelsohn maneuver opens the UES and extends the duration of laryngeal elevation

35
Q
  1. The majority of research has been done on various postures for swallowing and the one that has been found to be most useful in protecting the airway has been the…
A

Chin tuck

36
Q
  1. One way to move the cricoid away from the posterior pharyngeal wall in order to lower the resting sphincter pressure is to…
A

Rotate the head to one side to allow a greater esophageal opening on the other side

37
Q
  1. What are the four general principles of neuromuscular rehabilitation that drive rehabilitative swallowing therapy?
A

1- use it or lose it
2- use it and improve it
3- specificity
4- transference

38
Q
  1. What are three rationales for using oral motor exercises to target swallowing disorders?
A

1- control the passage of the bolus
2- increase awareness of bolus
3- maximize driving force of bolus to oropharynx

39
Q
  1. Tongue strengthening exercises can improve at least three functions in the oral phase of swallowing: (list them)
A

1- bolus manipulation
2- bolus mastication
3- bolus clearance

SLP477- Disorders of Swallowing (7 decks)

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