Chapter 7-9 Flashcards
What are the 4 identity statuses
Achievement (y/y)
Moratorium (n/y)
Foreclosure (y/n)
Diffusion (n/n)
reflective judgment
capacity to evaluate the accuracy and coherence of evidence and arguments.
Stages of reflective Judgment
Dualistic thinking - either/or
Multiple thinking - 2 or more sides
Relativism - compare views
Commitment - commit to viewpoint
Dialectical thought
synthesis or integration of opposites
Resilience
good outcomes in spite of threats to adaptation and development
what are the 5 features of emerging adulthood?
1) age of identity explorations
2) age of instability
3) self-focused
4) age of feeling in-between
5) age of possibilities
age of identity explorations
explore various possibilities of work and love
age of instability
exploration leads to instability
self-focused
learning to be more self-sufficient before commiting
age of feeling in-between
feeling of being in transition
age of possibilities
potential for dramatic changes
who begins puberty first? boys or girls
Girls begin about 2 years earlier
what are the 8 domains of influence on adolescences
1) scholastic competence
2) social acceptance
3) athletic competence
4) physical appearance
5) job competence
6) romantic appeal
7) behavioral conduct
8) close friendship
who proposed a universal theory of moral development?
Kohlberg
what are the levels of moral development? (3)
1) preconventional reasoning
2) conventional reasoning
3) postconventional reasoning
preconventional reasoning
based on perceptions of the likelihood of external rewards and punishments
conventional reasoning
less egocentric and the person advocates the value of conforming to the moral expectations of others
postconventional reasoning
person’s own independent judgements rather than what others view as wrong or right
what are the “3” ethics rooted in different worldviews
1) ethic of autonomy
2) ethic of community
3) ethic of divinity
ethic of autonomy
individual as primary moral authority
ethic of community
individuals as members of social groups to which they have commitments and obligations
ethic of divinity
individual as a spiritual entity, subject to the prescriptions of a divine authority
2 types of depression
depressed mood (sadness)
major depressive disorder
2 types of treatment for depression
anti-depressant medications
cognitive-behavioral therapy
BMI
body mass index (weight to height)
nearsightedness
myopoia
gross motor development
advances in balance, strength, coordination, agility, and RT
Fine motor development
increased ability in fine motor skills (drawing and writing) - more precise
malnutrition
not eating / refusal to eat / no food available
overweight
BMI over 18
obesity
BMI over 21
social consequences for obesity
exclusion and ridicule
physical consequences for obesity
diabetes and diabetic complications
gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences
1) linguistic
2) logical-mathematical
3) spatial
4) musical
5) bodily-kinesthetic
6) interpersonal
7) intrapersonal
8) naturalist
9) existential
what are the alternate theories of intelligence? (3)
1) analytical intelligence
2) creative intelligence
3) practical intelligence
Analytical intelligence
what most IQ tests measure
Creative Intelligence
combine information in new ways
Practical intelligence
apply information to everyday problems
Phonics approach
breaking down words into their component sounds then putting then phonics together into words
whole-language approach
meaning of written language in whole packages, rather than breaking down words into smallest components
dyscalculia
neurologically - based difficulty in numerical processing
ambivalence
two contradictory emotions at once
self-concept
how we view and evaluate ourselves
self-esteem
person’s overall sense of worth and well being
independent self
encourage reflection about self
interdependent self
encourage importance of group
popular children
most often liked
rejected children
disliked by other children
neglected children
neither liked nor disliked
controversial children
liked by some, disliked by others
industry
children become more capable of doing useful work as well as their own projects
inferiority
adults around the child are too critical of their efforts, leading to a sense of being incapable of working effectively
