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bones > chapter 7 & 8 > Flashcards

chapter 7 & 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Parietal bones

A

form the greater portion of the sides and roof of the craial cavity

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2
Q

Temporal

A

Styloid Process
External Acoustic Meatus
Mandibular fossa
Mastoid Process

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3
Q

Manidbular Fossa

A

articulates with the manibile

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4
Q

Styloid Proccess (stake or pole)

A

projects inferiorly from the inferior surface of the temporal bone

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5
Q

Occipital bone

A

back of head

forms posterior part and most of the base of the cranium

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6
Q

foramen magnum

A

large hole

is in the inferior part of the occipital bone

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7
Q

occipital condyle

A

on either side of the foramen magnum

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8
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

lies at the middle part of the base of the skull
lies posterior and slightly superior ro the nasal cavity
articulates with all the other cranial bones

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9
Q

Body of the sphenoid bone

A

hollowed cubelike medial portion between the ethmoid and occipital bones

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10
Q

Sella turcica (sphenoid bone)

A

saddle shaped structure on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid

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11
Q

Greater wings (sphenoid)

A

project laterally from the body

form part of the lateral wall of the skull anterior to the temporal bone

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12
Q

lesser wings (sphenoid)

A

smaller than the greater
form a ridge of bone anterior and superior to the greater wings
form part of the floor of the cranium and posterior part of the eye

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13
Q

Ethmoid

A

located in the anterior part of the cranial floor between two orbits
anterior to the sphenoid bone and posterior to the nasal bones

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14
Q

horizontal Cribriform plate (ethmoid)

A

lies in the anterior floor of the cranium and forms the roof of the nasal cavity

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15
Q

Crista Galli (ethmoid)

A

is a point

seperates the two hemispheres(sides) of the brain

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16
Q

midline Perpendicular plate (ethmoid)

A

midline forms the superior portion of the nasal septum

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17
Q

Palentine

A

L shaped
form the posterior portion of the hard plate
form the posterior portion of the floor and walls of the nasal cavity

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18
Q

Lacrimal

A

posterior and lateral to the nasal bones and form a part of the medial wall of each orbit
resemble a fingernail

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19
Q

Nasal

A

bones that form the resting place for the bridge of your glasses

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20
Q

Inferior nasal concha

A

scroll like bones form a part of the inferior lateral wall of the nasal cavity and project into the nasal cavity

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21
Q

Vomer

A

triangular bone on the floor of the nasal cavity that articulates superiorly with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone and inferior surface of the body of the sphenoid bone
forms inferior portion of nasal septum
articulates with maxillae and palentine bones

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22
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

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23
Q

Maxilla

A

form the upper jaw bone

articulate with everybone on the face except the mandible

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24
Q

Maxillary sinus

A

mucosa of the nasal cavity

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25
Q

zygomatic

A

cheeckbones
part of the lateral wall and floor of each orbit
articulate with the frontal, maxilla, sphenoid, and temporal bones

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26
Q

Hyoid

A

does not articulate with any other bone

located in the anterior neck between the mandible and larynx

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27
Q

vertebra body

A

vertebral bodies line up in a row creat the column like axis of the skeleton

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28
Q

vertebra pedicules

A

form the base of the vertebral arch

project posteriorly from the body to unite with the laminae

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29
Q

Laminae

A

flat parts that join to form the posterior portion of the vertebral arch

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30
Q

vertebral foramen

A

lies between the vertebral arch and body

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31
Q

Intervertebral foramen

A

opening between adjoining vertebrae on both sides of the column

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32
Q

transverse process

A

extend posterolaterally one on each side from the vertebral arch

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33
Q

Lumbar

A

found in the lower back

inferior end of the backbone

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34
Q

Sacrum

A

triangular bone formed by the union of 5 sarcral vertebrae

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35
Q

Anterior sacral foramina

A

at the end of the four transverse lines are 4 anterior sacral foramina

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36
Q

Medial sacral crest

A

the convex posterior surface of the sacrum

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37
Q

Coccyx

A

the terminal end of the vertical column

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38
Q

Sternum

A

breastbone

located in the center of the anterior thoracic wall

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39
Q

Manubrium

A

superior part of the sternum

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40
Q

body (sternum)

A

the middle and largest part

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41
Q

Xiphoid process

A

the inferior and smallest part of the sternum

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42
Q

Suprasternal notch

A

the manubrium has a depression on the superior surface called the suprasternal notch

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43
Q

Clavicular notch

A

lateral to the suprasternal notch

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44
Q

Ribs

A

numbered 1-12 from superior to inferior

gives structural support to the sides of the thoracic cavity

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45
Q

head (rib)

A

projection at the posterior end of the rib

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46
Q

neck (rib)

A

lateral to the head

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47
Q

tubercle (rib)

A

knoblike structure on the posterior surface where the neck joins the body

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48
Q

Body (rib)

A

main part of the rib

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49
Q

Costal Groove (rib)

A

inner inferior surface of the rib

protects the intercostal blood vessels and nerve

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50
Q

Clavicle

A

the anterior bone and the scapular is the posterior bone

51
Q

conoid tubercle (clavicle)

A

on the inferior surface of the lateral end of the bone

52
Q

acromial end (clavicle)

A

broad flat lateral end

articulates with the acromion of the scapular

53
Q

Scapula

A

shoulder blade

flat bone with a ridge on its posterior surface

54
Q

spine (scapula)

A

ridge that runs diagnally across the poserior surface of the scapula

55
Q

acromion (scapula)

A

the lateral end of the spine projects a flattened expanded process

56
Q

coracoid process (scapula)

A

lateral end of the superior border of the scapula

the tendons of muscles attach to the projection o the anterior surface

57
Q

surpraspinous/ infraspinous fossa

A

superior and inferior to the spine

58
Q

Subscapular fossa

A

anterior surface

slightly hollowed out area

59
Q

Humerus

A

arm bone

the longest and largest bone of the free upper limb

60
Q

Head (humerus)

A

proximal end of the humerous

articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapular

61
Q

greater tubercle (humerus)

A

lateral projection distal to the anatomical neck

62
Q

lesser tubercle (humerus)

A

projects anteriorly

63
Q

intertubercular groove (sulcus) (humerus)

A

between both tubercles

64
Q

capitulum (humerus)

A

rounded knob on the lateral aspect of the bone that articulates with the head of the radius

65
Q

Trochlea (humerus)

A

located medial to the capitulum

articulates with the ulna

66
Q

Medial/ lateral epicondyles

A

on either side of the distal end of the humerus

67
Q

olecranon fossa

A

elbow

68
Q

Radius

A

shorter of two forearm bones

69
Q

head (radius)

A

the proximal end of the radius

articulates with the capitulum of the humerus

70
Q

ulnar notch (radius)

A

articulates with the head of the head of the ulna

71
Q

styloid process (radius)

A

shaft of the radius widens distally to for the styloid process on the lateral side

72
Q

Ulna

A

located on the medial aspect of the forearm amd is no longer than the radius

73
Q

Olecranon

A

proximal end of the ulna

74
Q

Coronoid process (ulna)

A

is an anterior projection distal to a large notch

75
Q

radial notch (ulna)

A

a depression that is lateral and inferior to the trochlear notch and articulates with the head of the radius

76
Q

styloid process (ulna)

A

located on the posterior side of the ulnas distal end

77
Q

Carpus

A

wrist

proximal region of the hand that consists of 8 small bones

78
Q

Proximal row

A

from lateral to medial

scephoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform,

79
Q

Distal row

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

80
Q

Metacarpals

A

palm
consists of five bones
numbered 1-5 starting with the thumb from lateral to medial

81
Q

Base (palm)

A

articulates with the distal row of carpal bones

82
Q

Head (palm)

A

articulate with the proximal phalanges

83
Q

Phalanges

A

make up the distal region of the hand

84
Q

Ishium

A

inferior and posterior portion of the hip bone
between the body of the ilium and inferior of the ramus of the pubis
ischial spine

85
Q

obturator foramen

A

largest foramen in the skeleton

surrounded by ramus and the pubis

86
Q

Lesser sciatic notch

A

below the spine

87
Q

Pubis

A

inferior anterior portion of the hip bone

has form of a sideways arch or a U shape

88
Q

Superior/inferior rami

A

betwen the rami compromise the pubis

89
Q

pubic symphysis

A

the joint between the pubes of the two hip bones

90
Q

Ilium

A

the largest of the three components of the hip bone

91
Q

illiac crest

A

the supreme boarder of the ilium

92
Q

ilium

A

anterior superior iiliac spine
anterior inferior iliac spine
posterior superior iliac spine
posterior inferior iliac spine

93
Q

greater sciatic notch

A

below the posterior inferior iliac spine

94
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

95
Q

head (femur)

A

proximal end

articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone

96
Q

forea capitis femoris

A

the head contains a small central depression (pit)

97
Q

greater trochanter (femur)

A

seen anterior to the hollow side of the hip

98
Q

lesser trochanter(femur)

A

inferior and medial to the greater trochanter

99
Q

body (femur)

A

angles medially and as a result the knee joints are closer to the midline than the hip joints

100
Q

medial and lateral condyles

A

expanded distal end

articulate with the medial and later condyles of the tibia

101
Q

Medial and lateral epicondlyes

A

superior to the condyles

102
Q

Patella

A

kneecaps

triangular bone located anterior to the knee joint

103
Q

Base (patella)

A

proximal end of the patella

104
Q

tibia

A

shin bone

105
Q

lateral and medial condyles (tibia)

A

proximal end

articulate with the condyles of the femur

106
Q

interconylar eminence

A

upward projection

seperates the condyles

107
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

on the anterior surface is a point of attachment for the patellar ligament

108
Q

Medial Malleolus (tibia)

A

medial surface of the distal end of the tibia

articulates with the talus of the ankle

109
Q

Fibula

A

counterpart of the ulna in the free upper limb

splint like bone

110
Q

head (fibula)

A

proximal end articulates with the inferior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia

111
Q

tarus

A

ankle

7 tarsal bones

112
Q

Calcaneus

A

located in the posterior part of the foot

113
Q

navicular

A

anterior tarsal bone

114
Q

Cuneiform

A

lateral
intermediate
medial

115
Q

Metatarsals 1-5

A 
intermediate region of the foot
medial to lateral
head
body
base
116
Q

Phalanges (toes)

A

distal component of the foot between the ball and the heel

117
Q

palatine bones

A

bony roof of the mouth and is formed by the palatine processes of the maxillae
seperates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity

118
Q

palatine process

A

horizontal projection of the maxilla that forms the anterior 3 quarters of the hard plate

119
Q

Condylar process (mandible)

A

posterior

articulates with the mandibular fossa and artiucular tubercle of the temporal bone

120
Q

Coronoid process (mandible)

A

anterior

120
Q

Sternal angle

A

Junction of manubrium and body

121
Q

Acetabulum

A

The socket for the head of the femur

122
Q

Dens Axis (c2)

A

Projecting from the vertical body peg like process

Projects superiorly through the anterior portion of the vertebral foremen

bones (3 decks)

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