Chapter 7

Question 1

The nurse is explaining the difference between meiosis and mitosis. Which statements should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

1. Mitosis occurs in most of the cells of the body.
2. Meiotic division leads to cells that halve the original genetic material.
3. Meiosis is the division of a cell into two exact copies of the original cell.
4. Meiosis is the process by which gametes, or the sperm and ova, are formed.
5. Mitosis is splitting one cell into two, each with half the chromosomes of the original cell.

Answer 1

1,2,4

Question 2

The nurse has completed a presentation on reproduction. Which participant’s statement indicates that teaching has been successful?

Answer 2

“Ova separate into two unequally sized cells.”

Question 3

After teaching a class about the female reproductive system, the nurse asks the attendees to describe the process of meiosis. Which student response suggests successful comprehension of the material?

Answer 3

“Completion of the second meiotic division results in formation of three polar bodies and one ovum.”

Question 4

A young woman claims that contraception is not needed because she avoids intercourse on the day of ovulation. How should the nurse instruct this client?

Answer 4

Sperm survive 48 to 72 hours in the female reproductive tract.

Question 5

The nurse instructs a client about conception and fetal development. Which client statement indicates understanding about transportation time of the zygote through the fallopian tube and into the cavity of the uterus?

Answer 5

“It will take at least 3 days for the egg to reach the uterus.”

Question 6

If only a small volume of sperm is discharged into the vagina, an insufficient amount of enzymes might be released when sperm encounters the ovum. What would be the result for pregnancy?

Answer 6

Sperm would be unable to penetrate the zona pellucida of the ovum.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client who is pregnant with twins. Which statement indicates the client needs additional information?

Answer 7

“Because both of my twins are boys, I know that they are identical.”

Question 8

A pregnant client asks about the differences between monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Which should the nurse include during this teaching?

Answer 8

Monozygotic twins originate from division of the fertilized ovum at different stages.

Question 9

Which statement by a client pregnant with twins would indicate that teaching was effective?

Answer 9

“Congenital abnormalities are more prevalent in identical twins.”

Question 10

The nurse is creating a teaching poster for pregnant mothers. Which description of fetal development should the nurse include?

Answer 10

Most organs are formed by 8 weeks after fertilization.

Question 11

The nurse is conducting an early pregnancy class for a group of pregnant women. Which statement indicates a need for further education about the placenta?

Answer 11

“It floats in the amniotic sac and filters waste products from the fetus.”

Question 12

A client who has experienced a fetal death in utero at 20 weeks asks what her baby will look like when it is delivered. How should the nurse respond to this client?

Answer 12

“Your baby will be covered in fine hair called lanugo.”

Question 13

At her first prenatal visit, the client states, “I’m 5 weeks pregnant now and I would like to hear my baby’s heartbeat today.” How should the nurse respond?

Answer 13

Explain to the client that the fetal heartbeat is not yet detectable at 5 weeks’ gestation.

Question 14

A client at 18 weeks’ gestation thinks she might have been exposed to a toxin at work that could affect fetal development and asks what organs might be affected at this point in the pregnancy. How should the nurse respond to this client?

Answer 14

“The brain is developing now and could be affected.”

Question 15

The nurse is preparing a presentation about causes of fetal organ malformation in the first trimester. What prenatal influences on the intrauterine environment should be included in this teaching? Select all that apply.

1. The use of drugs
2. Maternal nutrition
3. The use of saunas or hot tubs
4. Age of the mother at conception
5. The quality of the sperm or ovum

Answer 15

1,2,3

Question 16

The nurse is preparing information about reproduction for high school students. What should the nurse include about the production of sperm? Select all that apply.

1. Diploid cells are formed.
2. Sperm cells develop through meiotic division.
3. Four spermatids are formed during the second meiotic division.
4. Spermatocytes contain either a double-structured X or Y sex chromosome.
5. Two secondary spermatocytes contain 22 double-structured autosomal chromosomes.

Answer 16

2,3,4,5

Question 17

The nurse is reviewing the embryonic primary germ layers with a group of students. Which structures should the nurse identify as being formed from the mesoderm? Select all that apply.

1. Nails
2. Liver
3. Spleen
4. Muscles
5. Skeleton

Answer 17

3,4,5

Question 18

The nurse is reviewing the structures of the developing fetus with a group of pregnant clients. What should the nurse emphasize about the function of the placenta? Select all that apply.

1. It produces hormones.
2. It produces glycogen, cholesterol, and fatty acids.
3. It maintains fetal respiration, nutrition, and excretion.
4. It provides a circulatory pathway from the chorionic villi to the embryo.
5. It contains a specialized mucoid connective tissue known as Wharton jelly.

Answer 18

1,2,3

Question 19

A pregnant client who restricted the intake of fat, protein, and sugar to prevent a large weight gain delivers a small-for-gestational-age fetus. What long-term health problems is this child at risk for developing as an adult? Select all that apply.

1. Arthritis
2. Diabetes
3. Hypertension
4. Cystic fibrosis
5. Coronary heart disease

Answer 19

2,3,5