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Sports Medicine > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

process of restoring function through programmed exercise, to enable a return to competition

A

rehabilitation

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2
Q

trying to prevent injuries before they occur, through a preventative management program.

A

prehabilitation

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3
Q

recognizing concerns/injuries to be able to get athlete’s back to activity as quickly as possible

A

rehabilitation

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4
Q

program beginning 6-8 weeks before sports participation, allowing body to gradually adapt to demands

A

preseason conditioning

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5
Q

focuses on developing athlete in off-season

A

preseason conditioning

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6
Q

coach/strength and conditioning coach should give a program with type, frequency, intensity and duration of training

A

preseason conditioning

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7
Q

systematic application of exercise stress sufficient to stimulate muscle fatigue but not so severe that breakdown and injury occur

A

adaptation

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8
Q

increase in size of muscle tissue

A

hypertrophy

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9
Q

weakness and wasting away of muscle tissue

A

atrophy

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10
Q

type of training where muscles are worked until they reach capacity; once able to maintain, workload on muscle is increased to further build strength and endurance (allows body to adopt).

A

progressive resistance exercise

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11
Q

progressive overwork of muscles at a controlled rate, to achieve consistent gains in strength.

A

overload

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12
Q

muscle size and strength increase when pushed close to their

A

maximum

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13
Q

ideal rep is ____ reps and sets is ____

A

4-8,3-4

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14
Q

should allow for 60 sec of ____ between sets

A

rest

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15
Q

ability of muscle groups to respond to targeted training of muscles so increased strength is gained in that muscle group only

A

specificity

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16
Q

a motor nerve plus all the muscle fibers it stimulates

A

motor unit

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17
Q

used to carry out contraction

A

motor unit

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18
Q

fiber in a motor unit that requires a long period of time to generate force; fibers are resistant to fatigue

A

slow-twich fiber

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19
Q

jogging, swimming

A

slow-twich fiber

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20
Q

fiber in a motor unit that produces quick and forceful contractions; these fibers are easily fatigued

A

fast-twich fiber

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21
Q

weight lifting, sprinting

A

fast-twich fiber

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22
Q

increase in strength and should be close to desired movement of

A

activity

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23
Q

muscle fiber type is important to determine success in sports such as: distance running, sprinting, but not others such as:

A

shot-putting

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24
Q

process of muscle atrophy due to disuse, immobilization or starvation; leads to decreased strength and muscle mass

A

reversibility

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25
Q

slow-twich typically _______ faster than fast-twich

A

atrophy

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26
Q

everyone is different and born with a certain number of

A

fast and slow twich fibers

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27
Q

moving joints beyond normal range of motion

A

stretching

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28
Q

can be increased through increasing length of the muscle

A

ROM

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29
Q

war up by increasing heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate is necessary to increase oxygen and muscle

A

nutrients

30
Q

ability of a joint to move freely through its full range of motion

A

flexibility

31
Q

females typically ____ flexible than males

A

more

32
Q

older people ____ flexible than younger

A

less

33
Q

flexibility is just as important as

A

muscular strength and endurance

34
Q

gradual, slow stretching of muscle through entire range of motion, then holding position 20-30 seconds

A

static stretching

35
Q

a rhythmical, bouncing action that stretches muscles a little farther each time

A

ballistic stretching

36
Q

extra credit

A

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

37
Q

a combination of relaxing and contracting of muscles; initial isometric contraction against maximum resistance is held at end of range of motion, followed by relaxation and passive stretching

A

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)

38
Q

activity causing tension in muscle to increase but does not cause muscle to shorten

A

isometric exercise

39
Q

these exercises are often used for rehab so a specific area of a muscle can be isolated

A

isometric exercises

40
Q

also can increase blood pressure so people with blood pressure problems should avoid these exercises

A

isometric exercises

41
Q

an activity causing muscle to contract and shorten

A

dynamic (isotonic) exercise

42
Q

movement does occur during contraction

A

dynamic (isotonic) exercise

43
Q

form of dynamic exercise accomplished utilizing a training partner

A

manual resistance training

44
Q

advantages include: minimal equipment, spotter can control technique, workouts can be finished in less than 30 minutes, training can occur anywhere

A

manual resistance training

45
Q

disadvantages include: if spotter is not trained properly-effectiveness and safety can be compromised

A

manual resistance training

46
Q

uses a machine to control speed of a contraction within the ROM

A

isokinetic exercises

47
Q

Isokinetic exercise machines such as:

A

Cybex, Biodex, Lido, Kincom

48
Q

generally used by PT and not usually available to the public

A

isokinetic exercise machines

49
Q

use of 6-10 strength exercises one after another; each done by performing specific number of exercises in a period of time before moving to next exercise

A

circuit training

50
Q

short rest period between exercises

A

circuit training

51
Q

if a combination of circuits are to be completed a longer period of ____ will be provided between each circuit

A

rest

52
Q

activity putting increased demand on lungs, heart and other body systems.

A

cardio respiratory conditioning

53
Q

aerobic/endurance training

A

cardio respiratory conditioning

54
Q

activities such as walking, jogging, swimming, cross-country skiing or cycling

A

cardio respiratory conditioning

55
Q

goal is mot make heart and lungs more proficient and able to use oxygen better

A

cardio respiratory conditioning

56
Q

results include increased heart size, lower resting heart rate and blood pressure, increased metabolism

A

cardio respiratory conditioning

57
Q

personal trainers, CSCS’s, coaches, AT’s etc. can put together specialized plans for individuals

A

specialized programs

58
Q

areas of specificity can include strength, cardiovascular fitness, speed, endurance and body composition

A

specialized programs

59
Q

~1840-~1860

A

American Renaissance

60
Q

latter part of American romantic movement

A

American Renaissance

61
Q

period of intense growth in uniquely American literature, art, philosophy, etc.

A

American Renaissance

62
Q

in literature, American writers focused on creating a national identity, distinct from European models

A

American Renaissance

63
Q

important movement in philosophy and literature in New England in the mid-1800’s

A

Transcendentalism

64
Q

all objects are miniature versions of the universe, “microcosm.”

A

Transcendentalism

65
Q

intuition and conscience “transcend” experience and reason

A

Transcendentalism

66
Q

man is one with nature

A

Transcendentalism

67
Q

perfection is an innate quality of mankind

A

Transcendentalism

68
Q

God is __________, in nature and in man, “spark of the divine”

A

everywhere

69
Q

self-reliance and individualism outweigh external authority and bind conformity to custom and tradition

A

Transcendentalism

70
Q

key Transcendentalist figures:

A

Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Margaret Fuller

Sports Medicine (7 decks)

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