Chapter 7 Flashcards
Existing levels of light to surface are measured in What?
Foot- Candles (Fc)
L x W x H = What?
How much light is needed!
The metric equivalent is called What?
Lux
1 Fc = how many lux?
10
foot-candle = to lumen
1 lumen per square foot.
What does E.P.A
The U.S Environment Protection Agency
How much electricity is consumed in building.
23%
How much electricity is used for air condition to cool down the room cause heat produced by lamps
20%
What are the two basic categories of light sources?
Natural & electric
What are the 3 basic purposes of a light source
Ambient or general
Task or local lighting
Accent or key lighting
The 3 basic purposes of light are called what?
Layers
What is the correct name for a light bulb
Lamps
If most of the light we see is what is reflected from a surface, not lights itself then what most we consider
The surface characteristics of space and the object within that space.
Source of lighting is categorized in to what?
Artificial and Natural
What are some Ex of natural light
Light and flames
What is an example of artificial light
Mainly electric in origin
Day light is not synonymous with sunlight but rather to what?
Skylight
What is daylight
It it the heating harvesting of sunlight into optimal conditions.
Day light Is even in distribution it is what?
It is considered the stander for determining true color.
Incandescent lighting was what?
The first lighting to be used by Thomas A. Edison (1847-1931) in 1879
What is incandescence
A temperature that causes the filament to glow.
The quantity of light that reaches our eyes is what?
The level of luminance.
Whereas the perception of the amount of lightens seen it what?
Brightness
Does incandescent light generate more heat then other types of lighting? N is so why?
True because to much of its energy is consumed as heat, witch is not the principal function of a lap.
Incandescent light is less energy efficient as a source of light the other sources. True or false?
True.
Watt symbolized by W is what?
The unit of measurement of the power being consumed
What does Arbitrary mean?
based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
Lamps is commonly used in residential setting. True or false?
True
What is halogen?
Is a subcategory of incandescent lighting. It is more accurately called Tungsten-Halogen or Quartz Halogen.
Halogens have a higher rate of efficacy. True or false
True
What is efficacy.
This is the criterion that is used to evaluate the amount of brightness a lamp source provides in comparison with the energy used.
What is a Reflector lamp
Is the used for several types of incandescent lighting sources that direct how the light is reflected, causing a manipulation of its shape and focus.
What is a reflector
It is a surface of mirrored glass or polished metal shape to project the beam from a light source in a particular direction.
What is s beam spread
Distribution of light
What is the United States and Canada voltage standards
120 V
When was the fluorescent light first introduced?
In 1938 worlds fair in New York.
What is Neon lighting
It is colored light that is produced as a result of different gasses, or vapors.
What Is a High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamp
Are extremely efficient and are used for large scale commercial applications.
How many categories does HID have? And what r they?
It has 3; Mercury vapor, high-pressure sodium, and metal halide.
When r HIDS most used
When lighting must remain for a long period and where maintenance would be inconvenient.
What is accommodation
The ability of the eye to focus at different distances, under normal conditions
What is adaptation
The normal process of the eyes adjusting to change in the brightness of light.
What is glare
Brightness that is more than the eye can naturally adapt to.
What is veiling reflection.
light bouncing off a surface
What is full spectrum light
White light
What is metamerism
Describes the phenomenon in which color under different lighting situations do not appear the same.
What is color rendering index
An international system for comparison to rank light sources with respect to color rendering.
What is throw distance
Is used to describe how far and at what intensity the illumination will go.
What are the 2 ways to categorize illumination
Diffuse lighting and Directional lighting
What is diffuse lighting
Fluorescent, not illuminate any specific object but provides an overall uniform illumination to a space.
What is directorial lighting
Light that travels in a single direction, illuminating specific objects and surfaces
What is a spot
A beam spread angle of less than 25 degrees
What is a flood light.
Beam spread more then 25 degree
What is Lighting reflectance value LRV
It is the measure of a scale form 0 to 100%. At 0% no light is reflected, at 100% all lights is reflected
What is wall washing
It is a technique used to provide a smooth distribution, or wash, of light over vertical surfaces or planes. Usually an entire wall
What is scalloping
It is a particular type of grazing that calculates spacing in such a way as to
Creat overlapping pool of light shape like a scallop.
Each lamp product manufactured is identified by what?
Lamp Life
Efficacy
Is the criterion used to rank sources of light in terms of their energy.
What is the relative efficacy of lamps is measured in what?
Lumens per watt
Lumen
Is the international unit used to measure the quantity of light, sometimes referred at luminous flux
Luminous flux are also know as?
Lumen
Luminaire are what?
They proper term for the complete lighting unit of fixture.
Recessed is what?
Fixtures that are basically hidden in the architecture.
A wall mounted fixture is called what
A wall bracket or sconce
Wall brackets are also known as?
Sconce
Lamps that are affixed to
A ceiling or wall so that the lamp and its housing are revealed are called what?
Surface mounted or flush mounted fixtures
If a fixture is suspended from the ceiling is called what?
Pendant
