Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is metabolic rate
The rate at which energy stored in your food is transferred by all the reactions that take place in your body
What allows reactions to take place inside cells
Energy need to make muscles contract
How does the body maintain its body temperature
Energy is transferred from the body to cooler surroundings
What does thyroid release
Thyroxine
What does thyroxine do
It causes cells to contract more rapidly and strongly
What happens when cells contract more rapidly and strongly
The heart rate will increase and heart pressure on blood increases, this moves oxygen and glucose faster so they can gain more energy
What is negative feedback
A control mechanism reacting to a change in a condition by trying to bring levels back to normal
What does the hypothalamus do
Detects thyroxine levels in the blood
What dies the hypothalamus when blood levels are low
It releases trh which makes the pituitary gland to secret tsh
What are the 3 contraception methods
Male condom
Diaphragm or cap
Hormone pill
How does a condom prevent fertilisation
Placed over erect penis to prevent sperm entering through vagina
How does the diaphragm/cap prevent fertilisation
Placed over cervix, prevents sperm in vagina entering the uterus
How does the hormone pill prevent fertilisation
Releases hormones to prevent ovulation and thickens mucus at the cervix making it difficult for sperm to pass through
What does FSH do
Matures the egg
What does LM do
Releases the egg
What does LH do
Maintains the uterus lining
What are the three hormones involved in the menstrual cycle
Fsh, oestrogen, lh
Fsh
Produced by the pituitary gland
Cuases the egg to matur e
Oestrogen
Produced in the ovaries
Cuase the pituitary gland to produce LH
Lh
Produced in the pituitary gland
Stimulates the release of an egg at around day 14 of the menstrual cycle
How long does the menstrual cycle last for
28- 32 days
When will the menstrual cycle stop
If a women is pregnant
What is glucose
A sugar used to make energy
What is glycogen
Carbohydrate made of glucose which is stored in the liver and muscles
What is insulin
A hormone that tells your body to change glucose into glycogen
What is glycogen
A hormone that tells your liver to change glycogen back to glucose
In type 2 diabetes what is correlated with it and why
Body mass because as one has increased so has the other
What is BMI used for
To work out a persons right mass for their height
BMI formular
Mass/ height
What can treat type 2 diabetes
Healthy diet and exercise
What does a healthy diet do
Reduces sugar levels
What does exercise od
Takes glucose out of the blood
How do you control type 1 diabetes and why
Injecting insulin to replace the hormone that is not made in the body
If exercise and a controlled diet do not work how else could you treat type 2 diabetes
With drugs
What is a hormone
A chemical messenger that travels in your blood stream to target organs/cells
