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Biology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

This is the smallest unit of life and was discovered by Robert Hooke when he looked at cork under the microscope.

A

Cell

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2
Q

Who discovered cells when he looked at cork under the microscope.

A

Robert Hooke

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3
Q

This states that all living things have cells, cells are the basic function of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells

A

Cell Theory

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4
Q

Type of cells that do not have a nucleus. An example is bacteria.

A

prokaryotes

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5
Q

This is the area in the prokaryote where the DNA is found

A

nucleoid

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6
Q

Large cells that have a nucleus. All of our cells are these:

A

eukaryotes

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7
Q

This can magnify an object 100,000’s of times its original size

A

electron microscope

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8
Q

This can magnify on object 100-1,000 times its original size

A

compound light microscope

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9
Q

All the structures in a cell that have a function. Examples: mitochondria, ribosome, lysosmes

A

organelles

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10
Q

The fluid portion of the cell

A

cytoplasm

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11
Q

The brain of the cell. Has all the DNA

A

nucleus

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12
Q

The outer layer of the nucleus

A

Nuclear Envelope

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13
Q

Inside of nucleus that makes the ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

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14
Q

The genetic material

A

DNA

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15
Q

The barrier for all cells. Controls what goes in and out.

A

Cell membrane

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16
Q

The cell membrane is made up of 2 parts called this

A

phospholipid bilayer

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17
Q

This is used for transport and has ribosomes on it

A

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

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18
Q

This is used for transport and does not have ribosomes on it

A

Smoother Endoplasmic Reticulum

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19
Q

This is responsible for making proteins in the cell.

A

Ribosomes

20
Q

This organelle packages substances in the cell

A

Golgi Apparatus

21
Q

This organelle has digestive enzymes that break down old organelles and food

A

lysosomes

22
Q

This is the power house of the cell. It takes food and turns it into energy (ATP)

A

mitochondria

23
Q

This is a compartment that can hold or store things.

A

vacuole

24
Q

This is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane in plants

A

cell wall

25
Q

This is found in plants and is responsible for photosynthesis

A

chloroplasts

26
Q

These are in animal cells and help the cell divide.

A

centrioles

27
Q

These are made of microtubules and filaments and give support to the cell (think about the bones in your body)

A

cytoskeleton

28
Q

Hair like structure used for movement

A

Cilia

29
Q

Tail like structure used for movement

A

flagella

30
Q

The amount of solute in a solution

A

concentration

31
Q

The substance you put in a solution. Example: sugar, salt

A

solute

32
Q

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration

A

diffusion

33
Q

Movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration but passing though a membrane

A

passive transport

34
Q

When particles are spread out and moving evenly through out it is called

A

equilibrium

35
Q

Particles go from high to low concentration with the help of a protein channel

A

facilitated diffusion

36
Q

Movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane

A

osmosis

37
Q

A membrane that only allows certain things to pass

A

semi-permeable membrane

38
Q

A solution that has a very high concentration compared to another solution

A

hypertonic

39
Q

A solution that has a very low concentration compared to another solution

A

hypotonic

40
Q

When two solutions are equal in concentrations

A

isotonic

41
Q

Movement of particles from low to high concentration. Goes AGAINST the concentration gradient and requires energy.

A

Active transport

42
Q

The process in which cells take things into it.

A

endocytosis

43
Q

The process in which cells push or have things leave it.

A

exocytosis

44
Q

The process in which plants take sunlight and turn it into food

A

photosynthesis

45
Q

The differences in the amount of solute in a given area.

A

Concentration gradient

Biology (2 decks)

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