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Bates > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

one of the most common symptoms in clinical practice, with a lifetime prevalence of 30% in the general population

A

headache

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2
Q

most important attributes of headache are __ and ___

A

severity and chronologic

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3
Q

double vision

A

diplopia

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4
Q

specks in the vision or areas where the patient cannot see

A

scotomas

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5
Q

results from problems in the external or middle ear

A

conductive less

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6
Q

problems in the inner ear, the cochlear nerve, or its central connections in the brain

A

sensorineural loss

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7
Q

perceived sound that has no external stimulus, musical ringing or a rushing or roaring noise in one or both ears

A

tinnitus

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8
Q

perception that the patient or the environment is rotating or spinning

A

vertigo

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9
Q

these sensations point primarily to a problem in the labyrinths of the inner ear, peripheral lesions of CN3 or lesions in its central pathways or nuclei in the brain

A

vertigo

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10
Q

unsteady or losing your balance

A

disequilibrium

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11
Q

drainage from the nose and is often associated with nasal congestion

A

rhinorrhea

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12
Q

a sense of stuffiness or obstruction

A

nasal congestion

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13
Q

bleeding from the nasal passages

bleeding can also originate in the paranasal sinuses or nasopharynx

A

epistaxis

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14
Q

bleeding from posterior nasal structure may pass into the __ instead of the nostrils

A

throat

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15
Q

coughed up or vomited blood

A

hematemesis

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16
Q

the openings of __ and ___ ducts are visible within the oral cavity

A

parotid and submandibular

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17
Q

__ artery passes upward just in front of the eye, where it is readily palpable

A

superficial temporal artery

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18
Q

opening between the eyelids

A

palpebral fissure

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19
Q

a clear mucous membrane with 2 easily visible components bulbar and palpebral

A

conjunctiva

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20
Q

part of the conjunctiva that covers most of the anterior eyeball

A

bulbar conjunctiva

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21
Q

part of the conjunctiva that lines the eyelids

A

palpebral conjunctiva

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22
Q

glands that are on parallel rows on the tarsal plates

A

meibomian glands

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23
Q

muscle that raises the upper eyelid and innervated by CN 3 by the ocuomotor nerve

A

levator palpebrae

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24
Q

muscles of the ___ control the thickness of the lens, allowing the eye to focus on near or distinct objects

A

ciliary body

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25
Q

clear liquid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye

A

aqueous humor

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26
Q

canal of schlemm drains what

A

aqueous humor

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27
Q

which is larger, macula or fovea?

A

macula

macula is around the fovea

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28
Q

the entire area seen by an eye when it looks at a central point

A

visual field

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29
Q

an increased convexity of the ciliary muscles

A

accommodation

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30
Q

superior oblique is controlled by

A

CN 4

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31
Q

lateral rectus is controlled by

A

CN 6

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32
Q

different in pupillary size of 0.04 mm or greater

A

anisocoria

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33
Q

pupillary constriction in the same eye

A

direct reaction

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34
Q

pupillary constriction in the opposite eye

A

consensual reaction

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35
Q

__ test may reveal a slight or latent muscle

A

cover-uncover test

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36
Q

a fine rhythmic oscillations of the eyes

A

nystagmus

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37
Q

_____ headaches include migraines, tension, cluster and chronic daily headaches

A

primary

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38
Q

__ headaches arise from underlying structural, systemic or infectious causes such as meningitis or subarachoid hemorrhage

A

secondary

39
Q

___ headaches reaching maximal intensity over several minutes occur in 70% of patients with a subarachnoid hemorrhage

A

thunderclap

Often preceded by a sentinel leak headache from a vascular leak into the subarachnoid space

40
Q

__ headaches occurs in migraine and cluster headaches

A

unilateral

41
Q

___ headaches often arise in the temporal areas

A

tension

42
Q

__ headaches may be retro-orbital

A

cluster

43
Q

flashes of light

A

photopias

44
Q

zig zag arcs of the light

A

fortification

45
Q

____ may increase pain from acute sinusitis or from mass lesion due to changing intracranial pressure

A

valsalva maneuver

46
Q

difficulty with close work - farsigthedness

A

hyperopia

47
Q

aging vision

A

presbyopia

48
Q

difficulty with distance sight

A

myopia

49
Q

moving specks or strands suggest ____

A

vitreous floaters

50
Q

flashing lights or new vitreous floaters suggest ____

A

retinal detachment of vitreous from retina

51
Q

__ is seen in lesions in the brainstem or cerebellum or weakness or paralysis of one or more extraocular muscles

A

diplopia

52
Q

pain in occurs in the external canal

A

otitis externa

53
Q

vertigo with hearing loss is associated with __

A

menieres disease

54
Q

itching of the nose favors

A

allergic causes

55
Q

acute bacterial sinusitis is unlikely until viral uri symptoms persist more than ___ days

A

7

56
Q

bleeding gums are most often caused by

A

gingivitis

57
Q

fine hair is seen in which thyroid disease

A

hyperthyroidism

58
Q

coarse hair is seen in which thyroid disease

A

hypothyroidism

59
Q

tiny white ovoid granules that adhere to hairs may be ___

A

nits - hair lice

60
Q

redness and scaling that may indicate __

A

seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis

61
Q

soft lumps in the hair is

A

pilar cysts

62
Q

an enlarged skull may signify ___ or __ of bone

A

hydrocephalus or pagets disease

63
Q

excessive facial hair

A

hirsutism

64
Q

hirsutism occurs in some women with

A

polycyctic ovary syndrome

65
Q

impaired far vision

A

myopia

66
Q

impaired near vision

A

hyperopia

67
Q

legally blind is when vision is __ or less

A

20/200

68
Q

an ____ occurs in conditions affecting the optic nerve such as glaucoma, optic neuritis, and papilledema

A

enlarged blind spot

69
Q

inward or outward deviation of the eyes, abnormal protrusion of the eye ___

A

graves disease or ocular tumor

70
Q

red inflamed lid margins in __ with crusting

A

blepharitis

71
Q

yellow sclera indicates __

A

jaundice

72
Q

constriction of pupil

A

miosis

73
Q

dilation of pupils

A

mydriasis

74
Q

poor convergence is seen in which type of thyroid disease

A

hyperthyroidism

75
Q

t/f artifical eye will have red reflex

A

f

it wont have a red reflex

76
Q

ear canal is often swollen, narrowed, moist, pale, and tender, may be red

A

acute otitis externa

77
Q

skin of the canal is often thickened, red, and itchy

A

chronic otitis externa

78
Q

older adults with higher frequently hearing loss, making them more likely to miss consonants, which have a higher frequency sounds than vowels

A

presbycusis

79
Q

test for lateralization

A

weber test

80
Q

test for air and bone conduction

A

rinne test

81
Q

AC>BC

A

sensorineural hearing loss

82
Q

BC = AC or BC>AC

A

conductive hearing loss

83
Q

___ duct drains into the inferior meatus

A

nasolacrimal duct

84
Q

___ sinus drains into the middl meatus

A

paranasal sinus

85
Q

tenderness of the nasal tip or alae suggests local infection such as a __

A

furuncle

86
Q

mucosa is reddened and swollen

A

viral rhinitis

87
Q

mucosa may be pale, bluish or red

A

allergic rhinitis

88
Q

pale saclike growths of inflamed tissue that can obstruct the air passages of sinusitis

A

nasal polyps

89
Q

each tooth is chiefly composed of

A

dentin

90
Q

a benign midline lump

A

torus palatinus

91
Q

asymmetric protrusion of the tongue suggests a lesion of the CN

A

12

92
Q

in CN __ paralysis, the soft palate fails to rise and uvula deviates to the opposite side

A

10

93
Q

tonsillar exudates are common in ____

A

streptococcal pharyngitis

94
Q

Stop at the neck

A

page 247

Bates (2 decks)

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