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chapters 15-18 > chapter 7 > Flashcards

chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Ankylosing Spondylitis:

A

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening (anylosis)

of joints, primarily of the spine and hip

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2
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome:

A

Compression of the median nerve as it passes between

the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist

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3
Q

Gouty Arthritis

A

Inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid

• Also called gout

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4
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

A

An inherited disorder characterized by progressive

weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers

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5
Q

Osteoporosis:

A

Decrease in bone density with thinning and weakening

of bone

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6
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis:

A

Chronic inflammation of joints; pain, swelling and
stiffening, especially in the small joints of the hands and
feet.

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7
Q

Antinuclear antibody (ANA):

A

A sample of serum is tested for the presence of antibodies found in patients with
systemic lupus erythematosus

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8
Q

Arthrocentesis:

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint

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9
Q

• Calcium:

A

• A sample of serum or plasma used to measure the amount of calcium a patient’s body.
This test is used to evaluate bone diseases.

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10
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

A

Measures the rate red blood cells (RBCs) fall to the bottom of the test tube. High
sedimentation rates are associated with inflammatory diseases such as RA

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11
Q

• Muscle biopsy:

A

Removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination

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12
Q

• Uric Acid:

A

Measures amount of uric acid in the blood. High levels of gout are associated with gouty
arthritis

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13
Q

Arthrography

A

X-ray imaging of a joint

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14
Q

Arthroscopy:

A

Visual examination of a joint with a arthroscope

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15
Q

Bone Density Test:

A

Low-energy x-rays are sued to image bone in the
spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to detect areas of
bone deficiency

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16
Q

Bone Scan:

A

Procedure in which a radioactive substance is
injected intravenously and its uptake in bones is
measured with a special scanning device

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17
Q

Electromyography (EMG):

A

Recording of the strength of muscle contraction as

a result of electrical stimulation

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18
Q

ACL:

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

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19
Q

C1-C7:

A

Cervical vertebrae

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20
Q

Ca:

A

Calcium

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21
Q

IM:

A

Intramuscular

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22
Q

L1-L5:

A

Lumbar vertebrae

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23
Q

NSAID:

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (prescribed to

treat joint disorders)

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24
Q

Ortho:

A

Orthopedics

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25
PT:
Physical therapy
26
ROM:
range of movement
27
T1-T12
Thoracic vertebrae
28
Alopecia:
Absence of hair from areas where it normally grows; | baldness
29
Cataract:
Clouding (opacity) of the lens of the eye, causing | impairment of vision or blindness
30
Conjunctivitis:
Inflammation of the conjuctiva
31
Glaucoma:
Increase in pressure (fluid accumulation) within the | chamber at the front of the eye
32
Melanoma:
Malignant tumour of pigmented cells that arises from a | nevus (mole) in the skin
33
Nevus:
• Pigmented lesion in or on that skin; a mole
34
Sty (stye):
A pus-filled (purulent) infection of glands near the eyelid (most often caused by bacteria). Also called hordeolum
35
Tinnitus:
``` Abnormal noise (ringing, buzzing, roaring) sound in the ears ```
36
Allergy test:
Allergy causing substances are placed on a patient’s | skin and reactions are recorded/noted
37
Bacterial and fungal tests
• Samples from skin lesions are taken to determine the | presence of bacterial infection or fungal growth
38
Skin biopsy:
Skin lesions are removed and sent to the pathology | lab for microscopic examination
39
Fluorescein Angiography:
Fluorescein (a contrast substance) is injected intravenously and the movement of blood is observed by ophthalmoscopy. • Used to detect diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy and also degeneration of the macular (central) area of the retina
40
Ophthalmoscopy:
Visual examination of the interior of the eye
41
Otoscopy:
Visual examination of the ear (to the eardrum)
42
Slit-Lamp Microscopy
Anterior eye structures microscopically examined with a slit-lamp instrument
43
Tuning Fork Tests:
• Tuning fork (creates a vibration) is placed in the front of the opening to the ear to the test air conduction of sound waves. • It is also placed on the mastoid bone behind the ear to test bone conduction of sound waves
44
AD
Right ear (auris dexter)
45
AS:
Left ear (auris sinister)
46
ENT:
Ears, nose, throat
47
HEENT:
Head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
48
OD:
Right eye (oculus dexter)
49
OS:
Left eye (oculus sinister)
50
PERRLA:
Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and | Accommodation
51
VA
: Visual acuity (clarity of vision)
52
VF
Visual field
53
Acromegaly:
Enlargement of the extremities caused by hypersecretion from the anterior portion of the pituitary gland after puberty
54
Cushing Syndrome:
• A group of clinical features produced by excess secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. Signs and symptoms include obesity, moon-like faces (fullness of the face), hyper glycemia, osteoporosis
55
Diabetes Mellitus:
Disorder of the pancreas that causes increased blood sugar levels. Type 1 is insulin dependent diabetes, Type 2 is non-insulin dependent diabetes
56
Goiter:
Enlargement of the thyroid gland
57
Hyperthyroidism:
Over activity of the thyroid gland; also called Graves disease or exophthalmic (eye balls bulge outward) goiter
58
Fasting Blood Sugar:
Measurement of glucose levels in a blood sample after | a patient has been fasting for 10-12 hours
59
Serum and Urine Tests
Measurements of hormones, electrolytes (Na,K,HCO3, Cl) , and glucose levels in the blood (serum) and urine as indicators of endocrine function
60
Thyroid Function Tests:
Measurements of levels of T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothyronine) and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) in the blood stream
61
• CT Scan:
Of pituitary gland and other endocrine organs
62
Exophthalmometry:
Measurement of eyeball protrusion as an | indicator of Graves disease (hyperthyroidism)
63
MRI:
Of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
64
Radioactive Iodine Uptake
The uptake of radioactive iodine, give by mouth | measured as evidence of thyroid function.
65
Thyroid Scan:
Procedure in which a radioactive compound, injected intravenously localizes in the thyroid gland. A scanning device produces an image showing the presence of tumours or nodules in the gland
66
GH:
Growth hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)
67
GTT
Glucose tolerance test (measures the ability to | respond to a glucose load; test for diabetes mellitus)
68
K+:
Potassium (an electrolyte)
69
Na+:
Sodium (an electrolyte
70
T3:
Triiodothyronine (hormone from the thyroid gland
71
T4
Thyroxine (hormone from the thyroid gland)

chapters 15-18 (1 decks)

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