Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is a demographic change? How was The Great Migration a big demographic change for British North America?
CHANGE IN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A POPULATION. THE GREAT MIGRATION BROUGHT A LARGE NUMBER OF BRITISH MIGRANTS TO BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.
What happened in the Great Migration of 1815? Give 2 reasons why it got started.
WITH THE DEBT FROM THE WAR OF 1812, BRITAIN NEEDED PEOPLE TO PAY TAXES. THIS WAS WHY THEY SENT PEOPLE TO THEIR COLONIES IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. PEOPLE IN BRITAIN WERE ALSO SUFFERING FROM POVERTY, FAMINE, AND UNEMPLOYMENT. THE RESULT WAS HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE FROM BRITAIN MOVED TO BRITISH NORTH AMERICA BECAUSE OF THE PROMISE OF NEW JOBS AND HOMES.
What happened as a result of The Great Migration? Give two effects of the migration.
ONE RESULT WAS THE FIRST NATIONS WERE PUSHED OFF THE LAND AS MORE MIGRANTS ARRIVED IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. THE MIGRANTS ALSO DEMANDED THEIR OWN COLONIES, AND IT IS IN THIS POINT IN HISTORY THAT NEW BRUNSWICK WAS FORMED. THE GOVERNMENT DECIDED TO DIVIDE BNA INTO UPPER AND LOWER CANADA IN ORDER TO APPEASE THE PEOPLE AND TO NOT RENEGE ON THE QUEBEC ACT.
The Great Migration sparked a lot of anger in the Canadiens. What are 2 reasons for their anger?
THE CANADIENS FELT THREATENED BY THE NEW MIGRANTS BECAUSE THEY DID NOT WANT TO LOSE THEIR LANGUAGE AND THEIR CULTURE. THE MIGRANTS ALSO BROUGHT WITH THEM DISEASE WHICH ENDED UP AFFECTING AND KILLING THOUSANDS OF CANADIENS IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. INSTEAD OF PREVENTING THE DISEASED MIGRANTS FROM ARRIVING ON SHORE, THE GOVERNMENT CONTINUED TO SEND THEM.
What is a reformer?
ONE WHO SEEKS CHANGE, USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH POLITICS.
What did the reformers in Upper and Lower Canada want during the 1820s and 1830s in British North America?
THE REFORMERS WANTED A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT. THEY WANTED THE PEOPLE TO HAVE MORE POWER AND INFLUENCE IN THE GOVERNING OF THEIR COLONY RATHER THAN THE GOVERNOR AND BRITAIN.
What are 3 differences between a colonial government and a democratic government?
THE DIRECTION OF POWER IN A COLONIAL GOVERNMENT COMES FROM BRITAIN, THE GOVERNOR, AND THE COUNCILS, WHEREAS IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT THE DIRECTION OF POWER COMES FROM THE VOTERS.
IN A COLONIAL GOVERNMENT, THE ASSEMBLY COULD ONLY ADVISE THE COUNCILS, BUT IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT, THE ASSEMBLY COULD ELECT THE COUNCILS.
IN A DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT, THE GOVERNOR OF THE COLONY COULD NO LONGER OVERRIDE THE DECISIONS OF THE COUNCILS.
How did the rebellions of 1837 and 1838 begin in Lower Canada? Make a point form list of the major events that happened leading up to the rebellion.
- MARCH: BRITAIN REJECTS THE 92 RESOLUTIONS FROM THE PARTI PATRIOTE WHICH PROMPTS PAPINEAU TO RALLY PEOPLE AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT.
- OCTOBER: BRITAIN MOVES TROOPS INTO LOWER CANADA.
- NOVEMBER: THE GOVERNMENT TRIES TO ARREST THE PARTY LEADERS. THE PARTI PATRIOTES WIN A BATTLE AGAINST THE BRITISH TROOPS IN SAINT DENIS. THE BRITISH DEFEAT THE PATRIOTE FIGHTERS AT SAINT-CARLES AND RETURN TO ST. DENIS TO BURN IT.
- DECEMBER: BRITISH TROOPS CAPTURE SAINT-EUSTACHE, AND LOOT AND BURN MANY CANADIEN SETTLEMENTS. THE PARTY LEADERS FLEE TO THE UNITED STATES.
What was the outcome of the rebellions in Lower and in Upper Canada?
BOTH REBELLIONS FAILED. THE LEADERS OF BOTH POLITICAL PARTIES ENDED UP FLEEING TO THE UNITED STATES. THERE WERE 12 REBELS WHO WERE EXECUTED AND 58 WHO WERE EXILED TO AUSTRALIA.
Who was the leader of the political party in Lower Canada?
LOUIS-JOSEPH PAPINEAU.
Who was the leader of the political party in Upper Canada?
LYON MACKENZIE.
Who was the leader of the political party in Nova Scotia?
JOSEPH HOWE.
What was the investigation of the problems in Lower and Upper Canada called in 1838?
THE ROYAL COMMISSION / The Durham Report
Who was in charge of this investigation?
LORD DURHAM.
What were the 3 recommendations that he gave to the British government?
THE FIRST WAS TO UNITE LOWER AND UPPER CANADA. THE SECOND WAS TO ESTABLISH A MORE DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT. THE THIRD WAS TO ASSIMILATE THE CANADIENS INTO BRITISH CULTURE AND CUSTOMS.
