chapter 6 vocabulary

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

Sum of chemical reactions in a cell

Question 2

reactants

Answer 2

participate in a reactions

Question 3

Products

Answer 3

forms as a result of a reaction

Question 4

energy

Answer 4

is the ability to do work or Bring about a change

Question 5

Kinetic energy

Answer 5

energy of motion ie. mechanical moving

Question 6

potential energy

Answer 6

stored energy ie. chemical energy (not moving)

Question 7

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

(law of conservation of energy)
Energy cannot be created or destroy but can be changed.

Question 8

2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 8

(law of Entropy)
when energy changes form, there is loss of energy that is available to do work
lost energy dissipates as heat .
no process with energy conversion 100% efficient.

Question 9

Entropy

Answer 9

measure of the relative amount of disorganization.

Question 10

free energy

Answer 10

amount of energy available to perform work.

Question 11

Delta G

Answer 11

free energy of products minus free energy of reactants.

Question 12

what is a coupled reaction

Answer 12

they can be added together to give an overall reaction,

Question 13

metabolic pathway

Answer 13

involves enzymes protein molecules

Question 14

Degradation

Answer 14

breakdown
enzyme complexes with a single substrate molecule
substrate is broken into smaller molecules.
Products are released.

Question 15

synthesis

Answer 15

building
enzyme complexes with 2 substrate molecules
substrates are combined
releases as a single molecules.

Question 16

cofactors

Answer 16

inorganic ions (copper, zinc, iron)

Question 17

coenzymes

Answer 17

nonprotein organic molecules ( vitamins are often components)

Question 18

oxidations

Answer 18

loss of electrons or hydrogen atoms (releases energy)

Question 19

Reduction

Answer 19

gain of electron or hydrogen atoms (associated with the gain of energy)