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Law 12 > Chapter 6 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

a sentence whereby the accused is discharged rather than convicted, even though the charge is proven, or the plea is guilty

A

absolute discharge

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2
Q

review by the parole board for the release of an offender who has either committed a non-violent offence or a drug offence where the judge did not set parole eligibility at one-half of the sentence, and who has served one-third of the sentence

A

accelerated review

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3
Q

a private person chose, by the parties to a labour dispute for the purpose of hearing their arguments, and giving a judgment

A

appellant

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4
Q

the requirement by a judge of a person to keep the peace and be of good behaviour

A

binding-over

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5
Q

a form of insurance guaranteeing the honesty of a person handling money or other valuables

A

bonding

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6
Q

to receive the death penalty for committing a crime

A

capital punishment

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7
Q

community service a sentencing option whereby a judge instructs an offender to do some specific work in the community under supervision

A

community service order

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8
Q

something given to make amends for a loss; for example, damages to an injured plaintiff

A

compensation

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9
Q

the serving of two or more sentences at the same time

A

concurrent sentence

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10
Q

a discharge with certain conditions, such as probation, attached; if conditions are violated, offender can be brought back to court and given the original sentence on the charge

A

conditional discharge

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11
Q

the serving of two or more sentences one after the other

A

consecutive sentence

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12
Q

government agencies responsible for probation services and the incarceration and supervision of inmates and their parole

A

correctional services

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13
Q

a person who has committed serious personal injury involving the use or attempted use of violence, and who is sentenced to an indeterminate sentence

A

dangerous offender

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14
Q

release of an offender into the community under specific conditions and supervision for the day, with reincarceration at night

A

day parole

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15
Q

the action of expelling someone to his or her country of origin

A

deportation

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16
Q

something that serves to discourage a person from doing something; a sentencing objective

A

deterrence

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17
Q

sentences that keep offenders out of prison; for example, suspended sentences and probation

A

diversion programs

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18
Q

absence from an institution for an inmate, under the direct supervision of a parole officer, correctional service staff member, or citizen volunteer

A

escorted absence

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19
Q

a statement of facts, summarizing both sides of a case, for an appeal

A

factum

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20
Q

a sentencing option that allows offenders to earn credit for doing community work; an option to paying a fine

A

fine option program

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21
Q

a remission of punishment under which the person granted a pardon is considered not to have committed the offence for which he or she has been convicted

A

free pardon

22
Q

release of an offender into the community under specific conditions and supervision

A

full parole

23
Q

imprisonment or confinement

A

incarceration

24
Q

a term of imprisonment during which a convicted person may be released on parole at any time; often used for dangerous offenders

A

indeterminate sentence

25
Q

a written complaint, made under oath, stating that there is reason to believe that a person has committed a criminal offence

A

information

26
Q

a sentence served, at the judge’s discretion, on weekends or at night to allow the offender to maintain a job; only imposed for sentences of less than 90 days

A

intermittent sentence

27
Q

a remission of punishment under which the person granted the pardon is considered guilty, but is forgiven by the Crown and released

A

ordinary pardon

28
Q

early release of an inmate from prison on certain conditions to be followed; available after serving one-third of sentence or seven years, whichever is less

A

parole

29
Q

an inmate released on parole

A

parolee

30
Q

the study of the reform and rehabilitation of offenders and the management of prisons

A

penology

31
Q

a report prepared for the court prior to the sentencing of an accused which sets out the accused’s background

A

pre-sentence report

32
Q

concept that a person who has committed several violations of the same offence should not receive an oppressively long prison term

A

principle of totality

33
Q

a sentencing option whereby a convicted person may be released instead of imprisoned, on the condition that he or she must be of good behaviours and must follow whatever conditions are imposed by the judge; common for first offenders

A

probation

34
Q

an order by a court allowing a person to live in the community under the supervision of a probation office, instead of serving a term of imprisonment

A

probation order

35
Q

relapse into crime; the return to prison of criminal repeaters

A

recidivism

36
Q

the restoration of a person to good physical, mental, and moral health through treatment and training; a sentencing objective

A

rehabilitation

37
Q

the process of preparing a person to allow him or her to function adequately in society when released from prison

A

resocialization

38
Q

party in an action who opposes the appeal; the defendant in a divorce action

A

respondent

39
Q

the act of making good; the act of returning that which was taken unlawfully from a person

A

restitution

40
Q

a deserved penalty for a wrong or crime; vengeance, a sentencing objective

A

retribution

41
Q

the right of the monarch to reduce a criminal sentence imposed on a convicted person, or the Cabinet’s right to grant a pardon

A

Royal Prerogative of Mercy

42
Q

the act of keeping an inmate in prison apart from other inmates; placing dangerous offenders in prison to protect society; a sentencing objective

A

segregation

43
Q

release of an inmate from an institution as required by a statute

A

statutory release

44
Q

a judgment wherein sentencing is put off until a later date, and if the offender meets certain conditions, will not occur at all

A

suspended sentence

45
Q

a sentencing option involving the removal of privileges, such as driving or attending school

A

suspension

46
Q

absences from an institution granted to an offender for medical, administrative, community service, family contact, and personal development rehabilitative reasons

A

temporary absence

47
Q

Latin phrase for “a new trial”; a new trial or retrial in which the whole case is retried as if no previous trial had occurred

A

trial de novo

48
Q

the temporary release of an inmate on humanitarian or medical grounds without an escort

A

unescorted absence

49
Q

a statement from the victim, describing the effect of the offence on his or her life, used by a judge as a factor in sentencing an accused

A

victim impact statement

50
Q

an offender is released into the community to work on a paid or voluntary basis

A

work release

Law 12 (3 decks)

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