Chapter 6 Vocab Flashcards
Abduction
the act of drawing away from; on dictation is often heard as “a-b-duction” to differentiate from adduction
Acellular Dermal Graft
soft tissue filler (collagen) used in breast reconstruction
Allergan tissue expander
brand name for inserted device designed as part of a system for breast reconstruction to create a pocket for the breast implant
Amber Oval C/R
amber-colored plastic bottles that hold liquid medication and have graduated markings on the bottle; used for dispensing medicines
Areolar
relating to the areola, a circular pigmented area of the breast surrounding the nipple
Arthralgias
pains in joints
ASA
acetylsalicycic acid, which is aspirin
Attenuated
past tense of the verb attenuate; thinned, reduced, weakened, diminished
Babinski
a reflex tested on the sole of the foot; the sole of the foot is firmly stroked; if the big toe moves upward or toward the top surface of the foot and the other toes fan out, it is often a sign of a brain or nervous system
BI-RADS Category 2
assessment of breast density on a mammogram; BI_RAD 2 indicates scattered fibroglandular densities make up 25% to 50% of the breast
BRBPR
bright red blood per rectum
bruits
sounds or murmurs heard on auscultation, especially abnormal ones
BS
bowel sounds
CAD
computer-aided detection as used in mammograms
Capsulectomy
excision of a capsule (a fibrous tissue layer)
Caudally
referring to the tail bone; from the Latin word cauda or tail
Circumferential compression
providing even pressure around the entire circumference of a body part, this pressure reduces hemorrhage.
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a progressive condition of the lungs in which the tiny air sacs (alveoli) are damaged or destroyed, making it more difficult to breathe and leading to emphysema and chronic bronchitis
Coryza
acute rhinitis
Costal insertions
pertaining to the ribs and the places where the muscles attach to the bones each rib moves
CVA
cardiovascular accident or costovertebral angle
De-epithelialization
removal of a layer of cells (epithelium) from an underlying surface
Detrol
brand name for medicine use to treat symptoms of overactive bladder; also Detrol LA (long acting)
Dilaudid
brand name for an opioid pain medication to treat moderate to severe pain (generic, hydromophone)
Ductal carcinoma
cancer that originates in the milk ducts of the breast
Dysuria
painful or difficult urination
Ectopy
displacement of any organ or part of the body
Effexor
brand name for an antidepressant medication
Emesis
vomitus, the results of vomiting
Epistaxis
nosebleed
Erythema
redness of the skin produced by abnormal accumulation of blood
Esophageal Reflux
a backward flow or regurgitation of stomach contents
Exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
Expander
a balloon-like implant used in breast reconstruction, placed between the skin an chest muscle after surgery to remove breast tissue; it stretches the skin to make room for the final implant
Extubated
past tense of the verb extubate, to remove a tube from
Fibroglandular
tissue in the breast, some glandular (milk ducts and lobules) and some fibrous (aids in connection of tissues)
Fibromembranous
membrane containing much fibrous tissue
Formalin
a powerful disinfectant gas, used to preserve tissue removed at surgery for pathologic evaluation; same as formaldehyde
Furosemide
generic name of medication used to increase urine formation and output, a diuretic
GERD
gastroesophageal reflux disease, a syndrome of chronic or recurrent epigastric pain accompanied by varying degrees of belching, nausea, cough, or hoarseness due to reflux of gastric acids; on dictation GERD is pronounced as a word.
Hematemesis
the vomiting of blood
Hepatoplenomegaly
enlargement of the liver and spleen
Histopathology
the study of the minute structure, composition, and function of diseased tissues
Histopathologi
relating to the study of diseases tissues
Hyperlipidemia
increased concentration of lipids (fat-like substances) in the plasma
Inferolateral
below and to one side; both inferior and lateral
Inframammary Fold (IMF)
the natural boundary under the breast where the breast meets the chest wall
JVD
jugular venous distension (enlarged neck veins)
Kyphosi
abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic spine; humpback
Mastopexy
plastic reconstruction of the breast to correct a pendulous (sagging) breast
Melena
the passage of black stools
Monocryl
brand name of a synthetic, absorbable suture used for soft-tissue approximation (bringing tissue edges together) or ligation (binding); the suture can be either dyed violet or it can be clear
Myalgias
muscular pains
NB
a parenthetical note meaning to note well, from the Latin “nota bene”
Natrelle silicone implant
brand name of an implant used for breast reconstruction following a mastectomy, treatment of underdeveloped breasts, or treatment of soft-tissue deformities
Neoplasm
new growth of tissue; oftentimes relative to a tumor
Nurolon
a non-absorbable sterile surgical braided suture, dyed black to enhance visibility in the tissue, used in general soft-tissue approximation (bringing tissue edges together) and /or ligation (binding)
Orthopnea
difficult breathing except in an upright position or while using several pillows; may be dictated as “three-pillow orthopnea,” for example
PDS
polydioxanone suture; a synthetic polymer used as an absrobable suture material
Pectoralis
One of the muscles on the chest wall
Pedal edema
accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells, tissues of the foot
Periareolar augmentation
breast implants placed through the nipple
Phentermine
generic drug, which is an anorectic used to treat obesity; an appetite suppressor
Plication
a folding, taking tucks in any structure to shorten it
PND
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea or postnasal drainage
