Chapter 6 Thermodynamics Flashcards
What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?
The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are both in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then the two initial systems are in thermal equilibrium with one another.
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
the total energy of the universe is constant. Energy can not be created nor destroyed.
Enthalpy
measure of heat when bonds are broken or formed. denoted by H. Bond form releases energy. Breaking a bond requires energy.
Standard Heat of Formation
Define Hess Law
Hess’s law pertaining to thermodynamics states that all of the Heat RXNs that occur in several steps can be added for the total sum.
Second Law of Thermodynamics
discorder of the universe increases in a pontaneous process. A bouncing ball will come to rest, while a resting ball will not bounce.
Equation for Entropy
Delta S = S products - S reactents
The third law of thermodynamics
abssolute zero is the state of zero enrtopy
Gibbs free energy
Delta G = delta H - T delta S
what occurs when delta g is less than zero?
the rxn will be spontanious and move in the foward direction
what occurs when delta g is equal to zero
rxn is in equilibrium
what occurs when delta g is greater than zero
nonspontanious in the foward direction
what is another name for the transation state?
the activated complex
