Chapter 6- Thermal Energy Flashcards
Temperature
Average Kinetic Energy of particles in an object
Thermal Energy
Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy
Heat
Thermal energy that flows from hot temperatures to cool temperatures
Specific Heat
amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of an object 1 degree Celsius
Kinetic Theory of Matter
All matter is made of small particles in random motion that have space between them
Conduction
transfer of TE by collisions between particles in matter
Convection
transfer of TE in a fluid by movement of hot and cold fluids from place to place
Radiation
transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
Electrical Heating System
Heated coils in the ground heat up a room
Forced Air Heating System
fuel in the furnace blows air through ducts, ducts blow out hot air through vents
Radiator Heating System
metal container with hot water/steam. warm air travels by convection
Active Solar Heating System
Solar Panels absorb sunlight
Passive Solar Heating System
windows let sun into room and object absorb sunlight
Insulator
heat flows slower
Conductor
heat flows through
1st Law of Thermodynamics
raise in TE= work done + heat transferred
2nd Law of Thermodynamics
heat goes warm to cool the TE of the warm decreases and the TE of the cold increases
Intake Stroke
intake valve opens as piston moves down drawing a gas/air mixture in
Compress stroke
the intake valve closes. the piston moves up compressing the fuel-air mixture
Power Stroke
the spark plug ignites the mix, mix burns, hot gas expands pushing piston down
Exhaust Stroke
piston rises exhaust valve opens and hot gases are pushed out
Internal Combustion Engine
fuel is burned inside the engine in chamber/cylinders
External Combustion Engine
fluid is heated by combustion through external force
Heat Engine
converts heat to work
Heat Mover
device that moves heat from lower temperatures to higher temperatures
Heat Pump
2 way heat mover
Heat of Fusion
temperature to change solid to liquid
Heat of Vaporization
temperature to change liquid to gas
