Chapter 6 - The Skeletal and Muscular Systems Flashcards
Combining Form: arthr/o
Joint
Combining Form: articul/o
Joint
Combining Form: Burs/o
Purse or Sac, Bursa
Combining Form: Carp/o
Wrist
Combining Form: Chondr/o
Gristle, Cartilage
Combining Form: Condyl/o
Knuckle of a joint
Combining Form: Cost/o
Rib
Combining Form: Cran/o, Crani/o
Skull, Cranium
Combining Form: Fasci/o
Fascia
Combining Form: Femor/o
Thigh, Femur
Combining Form: Fibr/o
Fiber
Combining Form: Fibul/o
Fibula
Combining Form: Ili/o
Flank, Hip, Groin, ilium of the pelvis
Combining Form: Ischi/o
Haunch, Hip Joint, Ischium
Combining Form: Meniscus/o
Meniscus
Combining Form: Muscul/o
Muscle
Combining Form: My/o, Myos/o
Muscle
Combining Form: Myel/o
Bone Marrow
Combining Form: Orth/o
Street
Combining Form: Ost/o, Oste/o
Bone
Combining Form: Pariet/o
Wall
Combining Form: Patell/o
Patella
Combining Form: Ped/o
Child
Combining Form: Petr/o
Stone
Combining Form: Phalang/o
Phalanges
Combining Form: Phys/o
Growth
Combining Form: Pub/o
Pubis
Combining Form: Radi/o
Radius
Combining Form: Sacr/o
Sacred, Sacrum
Combining Form: Skelet/o
Skeleton
Combining Form: Spondyl/o
Vertebra
Combining Form: Stern/o
Chest, Sternum
Combining Form: Synov/o, Synovi/o
Synovial
Combining Form: Tars/o
Tarsal Bone
Combining Form: Ten/o, Tendon/o
Stretch, Tendon
Combining Form: Vertebr/o
Vertebra
Musculoskeletal System
The skeletal and muscular system combined that works together to produce body movement
Muscle
An organ composed of mainly skeletal muscle tissue and connective tissue
Tendons
Tough, dense bands of connective tissue that connect bones; as a muscle shortens by length due to contraction, it pulls on the tendons attached to the bones to produce body movement
Synovial Joints
Knee and shoulder: allows for the greatest ROM and filled with a shock absorbing fluid called synovial fluid
Ligaments
Bands of dense connective tissue that extend from bone to bone to stabilize and strengthen joints
Orthopedic
Branch of medicine focusing on diseases such as those of the skeletal and muscular system; I.E. infections, tumor development, endocrine disease, and inherited disorders
Prefix: A-
Without, absence of
Prefix: Brady-
Slow
Prefix: Dys-
Bad, abnormal, painful, difficult
Prefix: Hyper-
Excessive, Abnormally high, above
Combining Form: Kinesi/o
Motion
Combining Form: Tax/o
Reaction to a stimulus
Combining Form: Ten/o
Stretch, Tendon
Combining Form: Troph/o
Development
Suffix: -a
Singular
Suffix: -Algia, -dynia
Condition of pain
Suffix: -is
Condition of
Suffix: -y
Process of
Arthralgia
Condition of joint pain; first symptom of joint or bone disease, common complaint following injury to a joint
Ataxia
The inability to coordinate muscles during a voluntary activity; sign of a nervous system disorder that is often inherited
Atrophy
Reduction in muscle strength due to disuse, a sign of reduced muscle size; reversible when healing is complete and muscle activity is restored
Bradykinesia
Abnormally slow movement is a clinical sign of an underlying bone, muscle, or nervous disorder; condition of slow motion
Decalcification
Abnormal reduction of calcium in the bone caused by a hormonal disorder upsetting the calcium balance between the bloodstream and the bone; TX- combination of hormonal therapy, a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D & mild exercise
Dyskinesia
Condition of bad, abnormal, painful or difficult motion
Dystrophy
Symptom or progressive muscle weakness; resulting from a genetic mutation is a common symptom of nine known forms of disease which appear during early childhood and are collectively called muscular dystrophies
Hypertrophy
Sign of excessive muscle growth or development; produced by the addition of protein to muscle fibers stimulated by strenuous muscle activity
Myalgia
When muscle cell activity exceeds the capacity of the cell to obtain and use oxygen during metabolism and oxygen debt causes the cell to metabolize without oxygen (anaerobic respiration) resulting in the buildup of lactic acid in the muscle tissue; condition of muscle pain
Tenodynia
Minor injury to one or more tendons, often lasting weeks or months