Chapter 6 - The French Revolution

Question 0

Estates

Answer 0

The social classes in 18th century France

Question 1

Ancien Régrime

Answer 1

The old order, system of government in pre-revolution France

Question 2

Bourgeoisie

Answer 2

The middle class, made up bankers, merchants, manufacturers, and other professionals such as lawyers and doctors

Question 3

First Estate

Answer 3

• The clergy (church officials)
• enjoyed enormous wealth and privileges
• owned about 10% of land
• collected tithes
• payed no taxes

Question 4

Second Estate

Answer 4

• The nobility
• owned land but barely any income
• hated absolutism
• paid no taxes
• feared losing traditional privileges (exemption from taxes)

Question 5

Third Estate

Answer 5

• The bourgeoisie and peasants
• peasants were 90% of French population
• resented the privileges of 1st & 2nd class
• burdened by taxes
• had miserable wages
• faced hunger and starvation

Question 6

Deficit Spending

Answer 6

A situation in which a government spends more money than it makes

Question 7

Louis XVI

Answer 7

Well-meaning but weak and indecisive King of France

Question 8

Jacques Necker

Answer 8

A financial expert to become Louis XVI’s advisor

Question 9

Estates - General

Answer 9

• The legislative body consisting of representatives of the three estates
• hadn’t been called to session for 175 years

Question 10

Cahier

Answer 10

Notebook used during the French Revolution to record the people’s grievances

Question 11

Tennis Court Oath

Answer 11

Famous oath made on a tennis court by members of the Third Estate in France

Question 12

Bastille

Answer 12

• Fortress in Paris used as a prison

* was thought to have weaponry inside

Question 13

July 14th, 1789

Answer 13

• More than 800 Parisians athletes outside the Bastille, a medieval fortress used as a prison
• the commander of the Bastille opened fire on the crowd, and soldiers battled in which many people were killed
• storming the Bastille quickly became a symbol of the French Revolution, a blow to tyranny

Question 14

Tyranny

Answer 14

A nation under a cruel and oppressive government

Question 15

Paris Commune

Answer 15

A radical group who replaced the royalist government of Paris

Question 16

Faction

Answer 16

Dissenting groups of people who are competing to gain power

Question 17

Marquis de Lafayette

Answer 17

• The aristocratic "hero of two worlds" who fought alongside George Washington in the American Revolution
• headed the national guard (a largely middle-class militia organized in response to the arrival of royal troops in Paris
•

Question 18

Olympe de Gouges

Answer 18

A journalist who demanded equal rights of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen

Question 20

Marie Antoinette

Answer 20

• Daughter of Maria Theresa
• brother to Joseph II
• lived a life of great pleasure and extravagance
• small acts went unnoticed
• was against reforms and was bored with the French court
• often retreated to Petit Trianon (a small chateau on the palace grounds at Versailles where she lived he own life of amusement
• was married to King Louis XVI

Question 21

Émigré

Answer 21

Nobles, clergy, and others who fled France and it’s revolutionary forces

Question 22

Sans-Culotte

Answer 22

Working men and women

Question 23

Republic

Answer 23

Government ruled by elected representatives instead of a monarch

Question 24

Jacobins

Answer 24

A revolutionary political club mostly made up of middle-class lawyers or intellectuals