Chapter 6 Test

Question 0

Male gamete

Answer 0

Sperm

Question 1

Female gamete

Answer 1

Egg

Question 2

Haploid cells produced during meiosis in the female of many species; these cells have little more DNA and eventually disintegrate

Answer 2

Polar body

Question 3

Characteristics that is inherited

Answer 3

Trait

Question 4

Study of the heredity patterns and variation of organisms

Answer 4

Genetics

Question 5

Type of organism whose ancestors were genetically uniform

Answer 5

Purebred

Question 6

Mating of two organisms

Answer 6

Cross

Question 7

Mendel’s first law, stating that (1) organisms inherit two copies of genes one from each parent, and (2) organisms donate only one copy of each gene in their gametes because the gene

Answer 7

Law of Segregation

Question 8

Specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein

Answer 8

Gene

Question 9

Any of the alternative forms of a gene that occurs at a specific place on a chromosome

Answer 9

Allele

Question 10

Characteristics of having two of the same alleles at the same locus of sister chromatids

Answer 10

Homozygous

Question 11

Characteristic of having two different alleles that appear at the same locus of sister chromatids

Answer 11

Heterozygous

Question 12

All of an organism genetic material

Answer 12

Genome

Question 13

Collection of all of an organisms genetic information that codes for traits

Answer 13

Genotype

Question 14

Collection of all of an organisms physical chracteristics

Answer 14

Phenotype

Question 15

Allele that is recessive when two different alleles are present in an organisms genotype

Answer 15

Dominant

Question 16

Allele that is not expressed unless two copies are present in an organisms genotype

Answer 16

Recessive

Question 17

Model for predicting all possible genotypes resulting from a cross, or mating

Answer 17

Punnet Square

Question 18

Cross, or mating between organisms that involve only one pair of contrasting traits

Answer 18

Monohybrid

Question 19

Cross between an organism with an unknown genotype and an organism with a recessive phenotype

Answer 19

Testcross

Question 20

Cross, or mating, between organisms involving two pairs of contrasting traits

Answer 20

Dihybrid cross

Question 21

Mendel’s second law, stating that allele pairs separate from one another during gamete formation

Answer 21

Law of independent assortment

Question 22

Likelihood that a particular event will happen

Answer 22

Probability

Question 23

Exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosome during meiosis 1

Answer 23

Crossing over

Question 24

Tendency for genes located close together on the same chromosome to be inherited together

Answer 24

Genetic linkage