Chapter 6- Spanish And French Settlement In Texas Flashcards
Define:
Oppressive
Unjust or cruel due to an abuse of power
Define:
Hacienda
A large estate or ranch in Spanish territory
Define:
Subject
One who is under the authority of a king or queen
Define:
Compound
A fenced or walled-in area containing several residences or other buildings
Define:
Commissary
A store where military personnel can buy equipment and food
Define:
Civil Settlement
A village made up of people who were neither priests nor soldiers
Define:
Acequia
A canal or ditch used for irrigation
Define:
Literacy
The ability to read or write
Define:
Alcalde
A Spanish official who served as mayor, sheriff, and judge
Define:
Ayuntamiento
The local government body in a Spanish town
Define:
Vaquero
A livestock herder or cowhand
Define:
Liberation
The act of becoming free
Define:
Conspire
To join in a secret agreement
Why did Spanish colonists come to Texas?
They came to escape cruel conditions on haciendas, to escape droughts and other natural disasters, they sought refuge from an oppressive tax system, some came to trade with the French (it was illegal in New Spain), and some came to get northern ranches.
What is the Grito de Delores (Cry of Delores)?
A speech given by Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla on September 16, 1810. In it, he called for Mexicans to rise up and fight for their independence from Spain.
What issues did Spanish colonists in Texas face?
They faced attacks by hostile natives, deadly diseases such as cholera and smallpox. In addition, most hacienda owners would not allow their laborers to leave, and would use force to keep them there. Still, some made it to Texas, and they tended to stick together when they got there.
Describe the challenges faced by those living in Spanish towns.
Lack of running water and sewage systems lead to deadly epidemics (cholera, smallpox, and other diseases), muddy streets gave disease-carrying mosquitoes breeding grounds and there were few doctor, and those few lacked adequate supplies. The settlers were also in danger of raids by hostile natives, outlaws, and smugglers.
Analyze the way Spanish colonists maintained a “quality of life”.
They learned how to make the best of the supplies they had, they ate unowned animals, and also used some for transport.
Identify examples of Spanish influence still present in Texas.
There are many Spanish foods, and many of the towns were once missions, and the cattle industry is still very large.
Analyze the contributions of Father Miguel Hidalgo during the colonization of Texas.
Hidalgo caused many Spanish colonists to want freedom, and after they succeeded in getting it, many people were more interested in settling there, because of the lack of taxes and royal laws.
Explain the significance of 1821.
In 1821 (August 24th), a treaty was signed that made Mexico independent from Spain. Texas became a part of the Republic of Mexico
