Chapter 6 - Section 1 - Forces in Earth's Crust Flashcards
What are the 3 main types of stress in rock?
tension
compression
shearing
How does tension change the shape of Earth’s crust?
Tension stretches the Earth’s crust so that it becomes thinner in the middle.
How does compression affect the Earth’s crust?
Compression squeezes rock together until it folds or breaks.
What is a fault?
a break in the rock of the crust where rock surfaces slip past each other
Why do faults often occur along plate boundaries?
because the movement of the plates push or pull the crust so much that the crust breaks and forms a fault.
What type of fault is formed when plates diverge/pull apart?
normal faults
What type of fault is formed when plates are pushed together?
reverse faults
Name 5 kinds of landforms caused by plate movement.
anticline
syncline
folded mountains
fault-block mountains
plateaus
What are the 3 landforms produced by compression in the crust?
fold mountains
plateaus
volcanoes
What is stress?
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.
What is tension?
Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle.
What is compression?
Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
What is shearing?
Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement.
what is a normal fault?
A type of fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in the crust.
What is a hanging wall?
The block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault.
