Chapter 6: Schizophrenia Flashcards
Translation of Schizophrenia
“Split personality”
What disorder is schizophrenia confused with?
Dissociative identity disorder (split personality)
Who coined the term schizophrenia?
Paul Eugen Bleuler
Dementia praecox
Early form of dementia
What is the distinction made between psychotic disorders and mood disorders?
Kraepelinian Dichotomy
Who was responsible for Kraepelinian Dichotomy?
Emile Kraepelin
Frequency - brief psychotic disorder
1 day - 1 month
Frequency - delusional disorder
No less then one month
Frequency - schizoaffective disorder
Presence of HALLUCINATIONS for at least 2 weeks
Frequency - schizophreniform disorder
1 - 6 months
Frequency - schizophrenia
Continuous symptoms for 6 months or more
Catatonia
Not showing emotions in voice or on face
Waxy flexibility
Can be moved around like a puppet
Avolition
Reduced or absent motivation to perform activities
Alogia
Reduction or absence of speech production
Anhedonia
Loss of pleasure in things once seen as pleasurable
Which disorder occurs most frequently? Prevalence?
Brief psychotic disorders : 9%
Percent of homeless individuals with schizophrenia?
4 to 16%
Primary cause of death for patients with schizophrenia;
Suicide, cancer, cardiovascular disease
Percent of people with schizophrenia who commit suicide
20% attempt and 6% complete
Is late onset schizophrenia (after 40) more common in men or women?
Women
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia: 7
Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized thinking & speech Communication exaggeration & distortion Disorganized behavior Catatonic symptoms Agitation
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia: 8
Affective blunting Social & emotional withdrawal Passivity Problems with abstract thinking Alogia Avolition Anhedonia Impaired attention
DSM 5 - Schizophrenia
Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized speech Catatonic behavior Negative symptoms (i.e diminished emotional expression or avolition)
w/o major depressive or manic episodes
cannot be attributed to a substance
no history of autism spectrum disorder (only with prominent delusions or hallucinations)
Prevalence of schizophrenia ; gender ratio
1% ; 1:1
Average onset of schizophrenia
Females 28 Males 23 (typical between age 10-23)
Seven subtypes of delusional disorder:
Jealous, erotomanic, grandiose, persecutory, somatic, mixed, and unspecified
Delusional subtype: delusion centered around another person being in love with oneself
Erotomanic
Delusional subtype: delusions involving oneself as being especially important or talented ie. the belief you’re the president or inventor of toothpaste
Grandiose
Delusional subtype: delusions centered around one’s partner being unfaithful
Jealous
Delusional subtype: delusions related to someone cheating, conspiring against, or persecuting oneself ie. the cia is after me, my phones are tapped
Persecutory
Delusional subtype: delusions involving a physiological function or sensation ie. the pain in my stomach must be cancer
Somatic
Schizoaffective disorder -
Schizophrenia plus a mood disorder
Dopamine hypothesis -
Suggesting the disorder is due to excessive dopamine in specific brain regions
Antipsychotics two categories:
Typical and atypical
Schizophrenia 3 stages of onset;
Prodromal phase, active phase, residual phase
Phase? - first indications; decreased functioning, social isolation, poor self care
Prodromal phase
Hallucinations -
Sensory perception without external stimuli
Most common type of hallucinations?
Auditory
What else can cause hallucinations?
Brain tumors
Deafness
Convulsions
Hyper & hypothyroidism
The rule of 4 -
1/4 can function well with medication
1/4 require living in a facility
1/4 do poorly
1/4 one episode and are never sick again
Who thought Jodie Foster was in love with him and tried to kill president Reagen?
John Hinckley
Types of medication:
Antidepressants
Benzodiazepines
Mood stabilizers
Antipsychotics
